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2025-06-02Disallow "=" in names of reloptions and foreign-data options.Tom Lane
We store values for these options as array elements with the syntax "name=value", hence a name containing "=" confuses matters when it's time to read the array back in. Since validation of the options is often done (long) after this conversion to array format, that leads to confusing and off-point error messages. We can improve matters by rejecting names containing "=" up-front. (Probably a better design would have involved pairs of array elements, but it's too late now --- and anyway, there's no evident use-case for option names like this. We already reject such names in some other contexts such as GUCs.) Reported-by: Chapman Flack <jcflack@acm.org> Author: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us> Reviewed-by: Chapman Flack <jcflack@acm.org> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/6830EB30.8090904@acm.org Backpatch-through: 13
2025-03-29Use PRI?64 instead of "ll?" in format strings (continued).Peter Eisentraut
Continuation of work started in commit 15a79c73, after initial trial. Author: Thomas Munro <thomas.munro@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/b936d2fb-590d-49c3-a615-92c3a88c6c19%40eisentraut.org
2025-03-26Use PG_MODULE_MAGIC_EXT in our installable shared libraries.Tom Lane
It seems potentially useful to label our shared libraries with version information, now that a facility exists for retrieving that. This patch labels them with the PG_VERSION string. There was some discussion about using semantic versioning conventions, but that doesn't seem terribly helpful for modules with no SQL-level presence; and for those that do have SQL objects, we typically expect them to support multiple revisions of the SQL definitions, so it'd still not be very helpful. I did not label any of src/test/modules/. It seems unnecessary since we don't install those, and besides there ought to be someplace that still provides test coverage for the original PG_MODULE_MAGIC macro. Author: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/dd4d1b59-d0fe-49d5-b28f-1e463b68fa32@gmail.com
2025-03-18Make it possible for loadable modules to add EXPLAIN options.Robert Haas
Modules can use RegisterExtensionExplainOption to register new EXPLAIN options, and GetExplainExtensionId, GetExplainExtensionState, and SetExplainExtensionState to store related state inside the ExplainState object. Since this substantially increases the amount of code that needs to handle ExplainState-related tasks, move a few bits of existing code to a new file explain_state.c and add the rest of this infrastructure there. See the comments at the top of explain_state.c for further explanation of how this mechanism works. This does not yet provide a way for such such options to do anything useful. The intention is that we'll add hooks for that purpose in a separate commit. Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CA+TgmoYSzg58hPuBmei46o8D3SKX+SZoO4K_aGQGwiRzvRApLg@mail.gmail.com Reviewed-by: Srinath Reddy <srinath2133@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Andrei Lepikhov <lepihov@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us> Reviewed-by: Sami Imseih <samimseih@gmail.com>
2025-02-27Create explain_format.c and move relevant code there.Robert Haas
explain.c has grown rather large, so move various functions that are principally concerned with output generation to a new source file, explain_format.c, instead of lumping them in with everything else that is part of explain.c Reviewed-by: Peter Geoghegan <pg@bowt.ie> Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CA+TgmoYutMw1Jgo8BWUmB3TqnOhsEAJiYO=rOQufF4gPLWmkLQ@mail.gmail.com
2025-02-11Add is_analyze parameter to vacuum_delay_point().Nathan Bossart
This function is used in both vacuum and analyze code paths, and a follow-up commit will require distinguishing between the two. This commit forces callers to specify whether they are in a vacuum or analyze path, but it does not use that information for anything yet. Author: Nathan Bossart <nathandbossart@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: Bertrand Drouvot <bertranddrouvot.pg@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/ZmaXmWDL829fzAVX%40ip-10-97-1-34.eu-west-3.compute.internal
2025-01-01Update copyright for 2025Bruce Momjian
Backpatch-through: 13
2024-11-28Remove useless casts to (void *)Peter Eisentraut
Many of them just seem to have been copied around for no real reason. Their presence causes (small) risks of hiding actual type mismatches or silently discarding qualifiers Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/461ea37c-8b58-43b4-9736-52884e862820@eisentraut.org
2024-11-27file_fdw: Add regression tests for ON_ERROR and other options.Fujii Masao
This commit introduces regression tests to validate incorrect settings for the ON_ERROR, LOG_VERBOSITY, and REJECT_LIMIT options in file_fdw. Author: Atsushi Torikoshi Reviewed-by: Fujii Masao Suggested-by: Yugo Nagata Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20241113231706.09e5b5ea9640289312835be8@sraoss.co.jp
2024-11-20file_fdw: Add REJECT_LIMIT option to file_fdw.Fujii Masao
Commit 4ac2a9bece introduced the REJECT_LIMIT option for the COPY command. This commit extends the support for this option to file_fdw. As well as REJECT_LIMIT option for COPY, this option limits the maximum number of erroneous rows that can be skipped. If the number of data type conversion errors exceeds this limit, accessing the file_fdw foreign table will fail with an error, even when on_error = 'ignore' is specified. Since the CREATE/ALTER FOREIGN TABLE commands require foreign table options to be single-quoted, this commit updates defGetCopyRejectLimitOption() to handle also string value for them, in addition to int64 value for COPY command option. Author: Atsushi Torikoshi Reviewed-by: Fujii Masao, Yugo Nagata, Kirill Reshke Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/bab68a9fc502b12693f0755b6f35f327@oss.nttdata.com
2024-10-03file_fdw: Add on_error and log_verbosity options to file_fdw.Fujii Masao
In v17, the on_error and log_verbosity options were introduced for the COPY command. This commit extends support for these options to file_fdw. Setting on_error = 'ignore' for a file_fdw foreign table allows users to query it without errors, even when the input file contains malformed rows, by skipping the problematic rows. Both on_error and log_verbosity options apply to SELECT and ANALYZE operations on file_fdw foreign tables. Author: Atsushi Torikoshi Reviewed-by: Masahiko Sawada, Fujii Masao Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/ab59dad10490ea3734cf022b16c24cfd@oss.nttdata.com
2024-08-21Treat number of disabled nodes in a path as a separate cost metric.Robert Haas
Previously, when a path type was disabled by e.g. enable_seqscan=false, we either avoided generating that path type in the first place, or more commonly, we added a large constant, called disable_cost, to the estimated startup cost of that path. This latter approach can distort planning. For instance, an extremely expensive non-disabled path could seem to be worse than a disabled path, especially if the full cost of that path node need not be paid (e.g. due to a Limit). Or, as in the regression test whose expected output changes with this commit, the addition of disable_cost can make two paths that would normally be distinguishible in cost seem to have fuzzily the same cost. To fix that, we now count the number of disabled path nodes and consider that a high-order component of both the startup cost and the total cost. Hence, the path list is now sorted by disabled_nodes and then by total_cost, instead of just by the latter, and likewise for the partial path list. It is important that this number is a count and not simply a Boolean; else, as soon as we're unable to respect disabled path types in all portions of the path, we stop trying to avoid them where we can. Because the path list is now sorted by the number of disabled nodes, the join prechecks must compute the count of disabled nodes during the initial cost phase instead of postponing it to final cost time. Counts of disabled nodes do not cross subquery levels; at present, there is no reason for them to do so, since the we do not postpone path selection across subquery boundaries (see make_subplan). Reviewed by Andres Freund, Heikki Linnakangas, and David Rowley. Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CA+TgmoZ_+MS+o6NeGK2xyBv-xM+w1AfFVuHE4f_aq6ekHv7YSQ@mail.gmail.com
2024-01-04Update copyright for 2024Bruce Momjian
Reported-by: Michael Paquier Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/ZZKTDPxBBMt3C0J9@paquier.xyz Backpatch-through: 12
2023-11-13Adjust file_fdw regression tests for acc95f29ef FREEZE commitBruce Momjian
Reported-by: Tom Lane Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/2161529.1699899452@sss.pgh.pa.us Backpatch-through: master
2023-08-15Re-allow FDWs and custom scan providers to replace joins with pseudoconstant ↵Etsuro Fujita
quals. This was disabled in commit 6f80a8d9c due to the lack of support for handling of pseudoconstant quals assigned to replaced joins in createplan.c. To re-allow it, this patch adds the support by 1) modifying the ForeignPath and CustomPath structs so that if they represent foreign and custom scans replacing a join with a scan, they store the list of RestrictInfo nodes to apply to the join, as in JoinPaths, and by 2) modifying create_scan_plan() in createplan.c so that it uses that list in that case, instead of the baserestrictinfo list, to get pseudoconstant quals assigned to the join, as mentioned in the commit message for that commit. Important item for the release notes: this is non-backwards-compatible since it modifies the ForeignPath and CustomPath structs, as mentioned above, and changes the argument lists for FDW helper functions create_foreignscan_path(), create_foreign_join_path(), and create_foreign_upper_path(). Richard Guo, with some additional changes by me, reviewed by Nishant Sharma, Suraj Kharage, and Richard Guo. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CADrsxdbcN1vejBaf8a%2BQhrZY5PXL-04mCd4GDu6qm6FigDZd6Q%40mail.gmail.com
2023-03-17Improve several permission-related error messages.Peter Eisentraut
Mainly move some detail from errmsg to errdetail, remove explicit mention of superuser where appropriate, since that is implied in most permission checks, and make messages more uniform. Author: Nathan Bossart <nathandbossart@gmail.com> Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/20230316234701.GA903298@nathanxps13
2023-03-13Add a DEFAULT option to COPY FROMAndrew Dunstan
This allows for a string which if an input field matches causes the column's default value to be inserted. The advantage of this is that the default can be inserted in some rows and not others, for which non-default data is available. The file_fdw extension is also modified to take allow use of this option. Israel Barth Rubio Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAO_rXXAcqesk6DsvioOZ5zmeEmpUN5ktZf-9=9yu+DTr0Xr8Uw@mail.gmail.com
2023-03-02Remove bms_first_member().Tom Lane
This function has been semi-deprecated ever since we invented bms_next_member(). Its habit of scribbling on the input bitmapset isn't great, plus for sufficiently large bitmapsets it would take O(N^2) time to complete a loop. Now we have the additional problem that reducing the input to empty while leaving it still accessible would violate a planned invariant. So let's just get rid of it, after updating the few extant callers to use bms_next_member(). Patch by me; thanks to Nathan Bossart and Richard Guo for review. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/1159933.1677621588@sss.pgh.pa.us
2023-01-02Update copyright for 2023Bruce Momjian
Backpatch-through: 11
2022-12-20Add copyright notices to meson filesAndrew Dunstan
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/222b43a5-2fb3-2c1b-9cd0-375d376c8246@dunslane.net
2022-10-07Fix final warnings produced by -Wshadow=compatible-localDavid Rowley
I thought I had these in d8df67bb1, but per report from Andres Freund, I missed some. Reviewed-by: Andres Freund Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20221005214052.c4tkudawyp5wxt3c@awork3.anarazel.de
2022-10-05meson: Add windows resource filesAndres Freund
The generated resource files aren't exactly the same ones as the old buildsystems generate. Previously "InternalName" and "OriginalFileName" were mostly wrong / not set (despite being required), but that was hard to fix in at least the make build. Additionally, the meson build falls back to a "auto-generated" description when not set, and doesn't set it in a few cases - unlikely that anybody looks at these descriptions in detail. Author: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de> Author: Nazir Bilal Yavuz <byavuz81@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Peter Eisentraut <peter.eisentraut@enterprisedb.com>
2022-09-22meson: Add initial version of meson based build systemAndres Freund
Autoconf is showing its age, fewer and fewer contributors know how to wrangle it. Recursive make has a lot of hard to resolve dependency issues and slow incremental rebuilds. Our home-grown MSVC build system is hard to maintain for developers not using Windows and runs tests serially. While these and other issues could individually be addressed with incremental improvements, together they seem best addressed by moving to a more modern build system. After evaluating different build system choices, we chose to use meson, to a good degree based on the adoption by other open source projects. We decided that it's more realistic to commit a relatively early version of the new build system and mature it in tree. This commit adds an initial version of a meson based build system. It supports building postgres on at least AIX, FreeBSD, Linux, macOS, NetBSD, OpenBSD, Solaris and Windows (however only gcc is supported on aix, solaris). For Windows/MSVC postgres can now be built with ninja (faster, particularly for incremental builds) and msbuild (supporting the visual studio GUI, but building slower). Several aspects (e.g. Windows rc file generation, PGXS compatibility, LLVM bitcode generation, documentation adjustments) are done in subsequent commits requiring further review. Other aspects (e.g. not installing test-only extensions) are not yet addressed. When building on Windows with msbuild, builds are slower when using a visual studio version older than 2019, because those versions do not support MultiToolTask, required by meson for intra-target parallelism. The plan is to remove the MSVC specific build system in src/tools/msvc soon after reaching feature parity. However, we're not planning to remove the autoconf/make build system in the near future. Likely we're going to keep at least the parts required for PGXS to keep working around until all supported versions build with meson. Some initial help for postgres developers is at https://wiki.postgresql.org/wiki/Meson With contributions from Thomas Munro, John Naylor, Stone Tickle and others. Author: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de> Author: Nazir Bilal Yavuz <byavuz81@gmail.com> Author: Peter Eisentraut <peter@eisentraut.org> Reviewed-By: Peter Eisentraut <peter.eisentraut@enterprisedb.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20211012083721.hvixq4pnh2pixr3j@alap3.anarazel.de
2022-09-16Adjust assorted hint messages that list all valid options.Peter Eisentraut
Instead of listing all valid options, we now try to provide one that looks similar. Since this may be useful elsewhere, this change introduces a new set of functions that can be reused for similar purposes. Author: Nathan Bossart <nathandbossart@gmail.com> Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/b1f9f399-3a1a-b554-283f-4ae7f34608e2@enterprisedb.com
2022-07-20Add regression test for TRUNCATE on foreign table not supporting TRUNCATE.Fujii Masao
file_fdw doesn't support INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE and TRUNCATE. It has the regression test that confirms that INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE fail on its foreign table, but not TRUNCATE yet. It's better to also test TRUNCATE fails on a foreign table not allowing TRUNCATE, for test coverage. This commit adds that regression test using file_fdw. Author: Yugo Nagata Reviewed-by: Fujii Masao Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220630104812.ec1556481452c019874f4ac9@sraoss.co.jp
2022-03-30Add header matching mode to COPY FROMPeter Eisentraut
COPY FROM supports the HEADER option to silently discard the header line from a CSV or text file. It is possible to load by mistake a file that matches the expected format, for example, if two text columns have been swapped, resulting in garbage in the database. This adds a new option value HEADER MATCH that checks the column names in the header line against the actual column names and errors out if they do not match. Author: Rémi Lapeyre <remi.lapeyre@lenstra.fr> Reviewed-by: Daniel Verite <daniel@manitou-mail.org> Reviewed-by: Peter Eisentraut <peter.eisentraut@enterprisedb.com> Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAF1-J-0PtCWMeLtswwGV2M70U26n4g33gpe1rcKQqe6wVQDrFA@mail.gmail.com
2022-03-28Use has_privs_for_roles for predefined role checksJoe Conway
Generally if a role is granted membership to another role with NOINHERIT they must use SET ROLE to access the privileges of that role, however with predefined roles the membership and privilege is conflated. Fix that by replacing is_member_of_role with has_privs_for_role for predefined roles. Patch does not remove is_member_of_role from acl.h, but it does add a warning not to use that function for privilege checking. Not backpatched based on hackers list discussion. Author: Joshua Brindle Reviewed-by: Stephen Frost, Nathan Bossart, Joe Conway Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/flat/CAGB+Vh4Zv_TvKt2tv3QNS6tUM_F_9icmuj0zjywwcgVi4PAhFA@mail.gmail.com
2022-01-28Add HEADER support to COPY text formatPeter Eisentraut
The COPY CSV format supports the HEADER option to output a header line. This patch adds the same option to the default text format. On input, the HEADER option causes the first line to be skipped, same as with CSV. Author: Rémi Lapeyre <remi.lapeyre@lenstra.fr> Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAF1-J-0PtCWMeLtswwGV2M70U26n4g33gpe1rcKQqe6wVQDrFA@mail.gmail.com
2022-01-08Update copyright for 2022Bruce Momjian
Backpatch-through: 10
2021-12-20Remove dynamic translation of regression test scripts, step 2.Tom Lane
"git mv" all the input/*.source and output/*.source files into the corresponding sql/ and expected/ directories. Then remove the pg_regress and Makefile infrastructure associated with dynamic translation. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/1655733.1639871614@sss.pgh.pa.us
2021-12-20Remove dynamic translation of regression test scripts, step 1.Tom Lane
pg_regress has long had provisions for dynamically substituting path names into regression test scripts and result files, but use of that feature has always been a serious pain in the neck, mainly because updating the result files requires tedious manual editing. Let's get rid of that in favor of passing down the paths in environment variables. In addition to being easier to maintain, this way is capable of dealing with path names that require escaping at runtime, for example paths containing single-quote marks. (There are other stumbling blocks in the way of actually building in a path that looks like that, but removing this one seems like a good thing to do.) The key coding rule that makes that possible is to concatenate pieces of a dynamically-variable string using psql's \set command, and then use the :'variable' notation to quote and escape the string for the next level of interpretation. In hopes of making this change more transparent to "git blame", I've split it into two steps. This commit adds the necessary pg_regress.c support and changes all the *.source files in-place so that they no longer require any dynamic translation. The next commit will just "git mv" them into the regular sql/ and expected/ directories. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/1655733.1639871614@sss.pgh.pa.us
2021-11-29Replace random(), pg_erand48(), etc with a better PRNG API and algorithm.Tom Lane
Standardize on xoroshiro128** as our basic PRNG algorithm, eliminating a bunch of platform dependencies as well as fundamentally-obsolete PRNG code. In addition, this API replacement will ease replacing the algorithm again in future, should that become necessary. xoroshiro128** is a few percent slower than the drand48 family, but it can produce full-width 64-bit random values not only 48-bit, and it should be much more trustworthy. It's likely to be noticeably faster than the platform's random(), depending on which platform you are thinking about; and we can have non-global state vectors easily, unlike with random(). It is not cryptographically strong, but neither are the functions it replaces. Fabien Coelho, reviewed by Dean Rasheed, Aleksander Alekseev, and myself Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/alpine.DEB.2.22.394.2105241211230.165418@pseudo
2021-04-01Rename Default Roles to Predefined RolesStephen Frost
The term 'default roles' wasn't quite apt as these roles aren't able to be modified or removed after installation, so rename them to be 'Predefined Roles' instead, adding an entry into the newly added Obsolete Appendix to help users of current releases find the new documentation. Bruce Momjian and Stephen Frost Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/157742545062.1149.11052653770497832538%40wrigleys.postgresql.org and https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/20201120211304.GG16415@tamriel.snowman.net
2021-01-02Update copyright for 2021Bruce Momjian
Backpatch-through: 9.5
2020-11-30Remove leftover comments, left behind by removal of WITH OIDS.Heikki Linnakangas
Author: Amit Langote Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/CA%2BHiwqGaRoF3XrhPW-Y7P%2BG7bKo84Z_h%3DkQHvMh-80%3Dav3wmOw%40mail.gmail.com
2020-11-23Split copy.c into four files.Heikki Linnakangas
Copy.c has grown really large. Split it into more manageable parts: - copy.c now contains only a few functions that are common to COPY FROM and COPY TO. - copyto.c contains code for COPY TO. - copyfrom.c contains code for initializing COPY FROM, and inserting the tuples to the correct table. - copyfromparse.c contains code for reading from the client/file/program, and parsing the input text/CSV/binary format into tuples. All of these parts are fairly complicated, and fairly independent of each other. There is a patch being discussed to implement parallel COPY FROM, which will add a lot of new code to the COPY FROM path, and another patch which would allow INSERTs to use the same multi-insert machinery as COPY FROM, both of which will require refactoring that code. With those two patches, there's going to be a lot of code churn in copy.c anyway, so now seems like a good time to do this refactoring. The CopyStateData struct is also split. All the formatting options, like FORMAT, QUOTE, ESCAPE, are put in a new CopyFormatOption struct, which is used by both COPY FROM and TO. Other state data are kept in separate CopyFromStateData and CopyToStateData structs. Reviewed-by: Soumyadeep Chakraborty, Erik Rijkers, Vignesh C, Andres Freund Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/8e15b560-f387-7acc-ac90-763986617bfb%40iki.fi
2020-08-30Redefine pg_class.reltuples to be -1 before the first VACUUM or ANALYZE.Tom Lane
Historically, we've considered the state with relpages and reltuples both zero as indicating that we do not know the table's tuple density. This is problematic because it's impossible to distinguish "never yet vacuumed" from "vacuumed and seen to be empty". In particular, a user cannot use VACUUM or ANALYZE to override the planner's normal heuristic that an empty table should not be believed to be empty because it is probably about to get populated. That heuristic is a good safety measure, so I don't care to abandon it, but there should be a way to override it if the table is indeed intended to stay empty. Hence, represent the initial state of ignorance by setting reltuples to -1 (relpages is still set to zero), and apply the minimum-ten-pages heuristic only when reltuples is still -1. If the table is empty, VACUUM or ANALYZE (but not CREATE INDEX) will override that to reltuples = relpages = 0, and then we'll plan on that basis. This requires a bunch of fiddly little changes, but we can get rid of some ugly kluges that were formerly needed to maintain the old definition. One notable point is that FDWs' GetForeignRelSize methods will see baserel->tuples = -1 when no ANALYZE has been done on the foreign table. That seems like a net improvement, since those methods were formerly also in the dark about what baserel->tuples = 0 really meant. Still, it is an API change. I bumped catversion because code predating this change would get confused by seeing reltuples = -1. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/F02298E0-6EF4-49A1-BCB6-C484794D9ACC@thebuild.com
2020-03-10Remove utils/acl.h from catalog/objectaddress.hPeter Eisentraut
The need for this was removed by 8b9e9644dc6a9bd4b7a97950e6212f63880cf18b. A number of files now need to include utils/acl.h or parser/parse_node.h explicitly where they previously got it indirectly somehow. Since parser/parse_node.h already includes nodes/parsenodes.h, the latter is then removed where the former was added. Also, remove nodes/pg_list.h from objectaddress.h, since that's included via nodes/parsenodes.h. Reviewed-by: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us> Reviewed-by: Alvaro Herrera <alvherre@2ndquadrant.com> Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/7601e258-26b2-8481-36d0-dc9dca6f28f1%402ndquadrant.com
2020-01-01Update copyrights for 2020Bruce Momjian
Backpatch-through: update all files in master, backpatch legal files through 9.4
2019-07-15Represent Lists as expansible arrays, not chains of cons-cells.Tom Lane
Originally, Postgres Lists were a more or less exact reimplementation of Lisp lists, which consist of chains of separately-allocated cons cells, each having a value and a next-cell link. We'd hacked that once before (commit d0b4399d8) to add a separate List header, but the data was still in cons cells. That makes some operations -- notably list_nth() -- O(N), and it's bulky because of the next-cell pointers and per-cell palloc overhead, and it's very cache-unfriendly if the cons cells end up scattered around rather than being adjacent. In this rewrite, we still have List headers, but the data is in a resizable array of values, with no next-cell links. Now we need at most two palloc's per List, and often only one, since we can allocate some values in the same palloc call as the List header. (Of course, extending an existing List may require repalloc's to enlarge the array. But this involves just O(log N) allocations not O(N).) Of course this is not without downsides. The key difficulty is that addition or deletion of a list entry may now cause other entries to move, which it did not before. For example, that breaks foreach() and sister macros, which historically used a pointer to the current cons-cell as loop state. We can repair those macros transparently by making their actual loop state be an integer list index; the exposed "ListCell *" pointer is no longer state carried across loop iterations, but is just a derived value. (In practice, modern compilers can optimize things back to having just one loop state value, at least for simple cases with inline loop bodies.) In principle, this is a semantics change for cases where the loop body inserts or deletes list entries ahead of the current loop index; but I found no such cases in the Postgres code. The change is not at all transparent for code that doesn't use foreach() but chases lists "by hand" using lnext(). The largest share of such code in the backend is in loops that were maintaining "prev" and "next" variables in addition to the current-cell pointer, in order to delete list cells efficiently using list_delete_cell(). However, we no longer need a previous-cell pointer to delete a list cell efficiently. Keeping a next-cell pointer doesn't work, as explained above, but we can improve matters by changing such code to use a regular foreach() loop and then using the new macro foreach_delete_current() to delete the current cell. (This macro knows how to update the associated foreach loop's state so that no cells will be missed in the traversal.) There remains a nontrivial risk of code assuming that a ListCell * pointer will remain good over an operation that could now move the list contents. To help catch such errors, list.c can be compiled with a new define symbol DEBUG_LIST_MEMORY_USAGE that forcibly moves list contents whenever that could possibly happen. This makes list operations significantly more expensive so it's not normally turned on (though it is on by default if USE_VALGRIND is on). There are two notable API differences from the previous code: * lnext() now requires the List's header pointer in addition to the current cell's address. * list_delete_cell() no longer requires a previous-cell argument. These changes are somewhat unfortunate, but on the other hand code using either function needs inspection to see if it is assuming anything it shouldn't, so it's not all bad. Programmers should be aware of these significant performance changes: * list_nth() and related functions are now O(1); so there's no major access-speed difference between a list and an array. * Inserting or deleting a list element now takes time proportional to the distance to the end of the list, due to moving the array elements. (However, it typically *doesn't* require palloc or pfree, so except in long lists it's probably still faster than before.) Notably, lcons() used to be about the same cost as lappend(), but that's no longer true if the list is long. Code that uses lcons() and list_delete_first() to maintain a stack might usefully be rewritten to push and pop at the end of the list rather than the beginning. * There are now list_insert_nth...() and list_delete_nth...() functions that add or remove a list cell identified by index. These have the data-movement penalty explained above, but there's no search penalty. * list_concat() and variants now copy the second list's data into storage belonging to the first list, so there is no longer any sharing of cells between the input lists. The second argument is now declared "const List *" to reflect that it isn't changed. This patch just does the minimum needed to get the new implementation in place and fix bugs exposed by the regression tests. As suggested by the foregoing, there's a fair amount of followup work remaining to do. Also, the ENABLE_LIST_COMPAT macros are finally removed in this commit. Code using those should have been gone a dozen years ago. Patch by me; thanks to David Rowley, Jesper Pedersen, and others for review. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/11587.1550975080@sss.pgh.pa.us
2019-05-22Phase 2 pgindent run for v12.Tom Lane
Switch to 2.1 version of pg_bsd_indent. This formats multiline function declarations "correctly", that is with additional lines of parameter declarations indented to match where the first line's left parenthesis is. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAEepm=0P3FeTXRcU5B2W3jv3PgRVZ-kGUXLGfd42FFhUROO3ug@mail.gmail.com
2019-05-22Initial pgindent run for v12.Tom Lane
This is still using the 2.0 version of pg_bsd_indent. I thought it would be good to commit this separately, so as to document the differences between 2.0 and 2.1 behavior. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/16296.1558103386@sss.pgh.pa.us
2019-04-04file_fdw: Fix for generated columnsPeter Eisentraut
Since file_fdw uses COPY internally, but COPY doesn't allow listing generated columns in its column list, we need to make sure that we don't add generated columns to the column lists internally generated by file_fdw. Reported-by: Erik Rijkers <er@xs4all.nl>
2019-02-07Split create_foreignscan_path() into three functions.Tom Lane
Up to now postgres_fdw has been using create_foreignscan_path() to generate not only base-relation paths, but also paths for foreign joins and foreign upperrels. This is wrong, because create_foreignscan_path() calls get_baserel_parampathinfo() which will only do the right thing for baserels. It accidentally fails to fail for unparameterized paths, which are the only ones postgres_fdw (thought it) was handling, but we really need different APIs for the baserel and join cases. In HEAD, the best thing to do seems to be to split up the baserel, joinrel, and upperrel cases into three functions so that they can have different APIs. I haven't actually given create_foreign_join_path a different API in this commit: we should spend a bit of time thinking about just what we want to do there, since perhaps FDWs would want to do something different from the build-up-a-join-pairwise approach that get_joinrel_parampathinfo expects. In the meantime, since postgres_fdw isn't prepared to generate parameterized joins anyway, just give it a defense against trying to plan joins with lateral refs. In addition (and this is what triggered this whole mess) fix bug #15613 from Srinivasan S A, by teaching file_fdw and postgres_fdw that plain baserel foreign paths still have outer refs if the relation has lateral_relids. Add some assertions in relnode.c to catch future occurrences of the same error --- in particular, to catch other FDWs doing that, but also as backstop against core-code mistakes like the one fixed by commit bdd9a99aa. Bug #15613 also needs to be fixed in the back branches, but the appropriate fix will look quite a bit different there, since we don't want to assume that existing FDWs get the word right away. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/15613-092be1be9576c728@postgresql.org
2019-01-29Refactor planner's header files.Tom Lane
Create a new header optimizer/optimizer.h, which exposes just the planner functions that can be used "at arm's length", without need to access Paths or the other planner-internal data structures defined in nodes/relation.h. This is intended to provide the whole planner API seen by most of the rest of the system; although FDWs still need to use additional stuff, and more thought is also needed about just what selfuncs.c should rely on. The main point of doing this now is to limit the amount of new #include baggage that will be needed by "planner support functions", which I expect to introduce later, and which will be in relevant datatype modules rather than anywhere near the planner. This commit just moves relevant declarations into optimizer.h from other header files (a couple of which go away because everything got moved), and adjusts #include lists to match. There's further cleanup that could be done if we want to decide that some stuff being exposed by optimizer.h doesn't belong in the planner at all, but I'll leave that for another day. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/11460.1548706639@sss.pgh.pa.us
2019-01-21Replace uses of heap_open et al with the corresponding table_* function.Andres Freund
Author: Andres Freund Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20190111000539.xbv7s6w7ilcvm7dp@alap3.anarazel.de
2019-01-21Replace heapam.h includes with {table, relation}.h where applicable.Andres Freund
A lot of files only included heapam.h for relation_open, heap_open etc - replace the heapam.h include in those files with the narrower header. Author: Andres Freund Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20190111000539.xbv7s6w7ilcvm7dp@alap3.anarazel.de
2019-01-15Don't include heapam.h from others headers.Andres Freund
heapam.h previously was included in a number of widely used headers (e.g. execnodes.h, indirectly in executor.h, ...). That's problematic on its own, as heapam.h contains a lot of low-level details that don't need to be exposed that widely, but becomes more problematic with the upcoming introduction of pluggable table storage - it seems inappropriate for heapam.h to be included that widely afterwards. heapam.h was largely only included in other headers to get the HeapScanDesc typedef (which was defined in heapam.h, even though HeapScanDescData is defined in relscan.h). The better solution here seems to be to just use the underlying struct (forward declared where necessary). Similar for BulkInsertState. Another problem was that LockTupleMode was used in executor.h - parts of the file tried to cope without heapam.h, but due to the fact that it indirectly included it, several subsequent violations of that goal were not not noticed. We could just reuse the approach of declaring parameters as int, but it seems nicer to move LockTupleMode to lockoptions.h - that's not a perfect location, but also doesn't seem bad. As a number of files relied on implicitly included heapam.h, a significant number of files grew an explicit include. It's quite probably that a few external projects will need to do the same. Author: Andres Freund Reviewed-By: Alvaro Herrera Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20190114000701.y4ttcb74jpskkcfb@alap3.anarazel.de
2019-01-02Update copyright for 2019Bruce Momjian
Backpatch-through: certain files through 9.4
2018-11-21Remove WITH OIDS support, change oid catalog column visibility.Andres Freund
Previously tables declared WITH OIDS, including a significant fraction of the catalog tables, stored the oid column not as a normal column, but as part of the tuple header. This special column was not shown by default, which was somewhat odd, as it's often (consider e.g. pg_class.oid) one of the more important parts of a row. Neither pg_dump nor COPY included the contents of the oid column by default. The fact that the oid column was not an ordinary column necessitated a significant amount of special case code to support oid columns. That already was painful for the existing, but upcoming work aiming to make table storage pluggable, would have required expanding and duplicating that "specialness" significantly. WITH OIDS has been deprecated since 2005 (commit ff02d0a05280e0). Remove it. Removing includes: - CREATE TABLE and ALTER TABLE syntax for declaring the table to be WITH OIDS has been removed (WITH (oids[ = true]) will error out) - pg_dump does not support dumping tables declared WITH OIDS and will issue a warning when dumping one (and ignore the oid column). - restoring an pg_dump archive with pg_restore will warn when restoring a table with oid contents (and ignore the oid column) - COPY will refuse to load binary dump that includes oids. - pg_upgrade will error out when encountering tables declared WITH OIDS, they have to be altered to remove the oid column first. - Functionality to access the oid of the last inserted row (like plpgsql's RESULT_OID, spi's SPI_lastoid, ...) has been removed. The syntax for declaring a table WITHOUT OIDS (or WITH (oids = false) for CREATE TABLE) is still supported. While that requires a bit of support code, it seems unnecessary to break applications / dumps that do not use oids, and are explicit about not using them. The biggest user of WITH OID columns was postgres' catalog. This commit changes all 'magic' oid columns to be columns that are normally declared and stored. To reduce unnecessary query breakage all the newly added columns are still named 'oid', even if a table's column naming scheme would indicate 'reloid' or such. This obviously requires adapting a lot code, mostly replacing oid access via HeapTupleGetOid() with access to the underlying Form_pg_*->oid column. The bootstrap process now assigns oids for all oid columns in genbki.pl that do not have an explicit value (starting at the largest oid previously used), only oids assigned later by oids will be above FirstBootstrapObjectId. As the oid column now is a normal column the special bootstrap syntax for oids has been removed. Oids are not automatically assigned during insertion anymore, all backend code explicitly assigns oids with GetNewOidWithIndex(). For the rare case that insertions into the catalog via SQL are called for the new pg_nextoid() function can be used (which only works on catalog tables). The fact that oid columns on system tables are now normal columns means that they will be included in the set of columns expanded by * (i.e. SELECT * FROM pg_class will now include the table's oid, previously it did not). It'd not technically be hard to hide oid column by default, but that'd mean confusing behavior would either have to be carried forward forever, or it'd cause breakage down the line. While it's not unlikely that further adjustments are needed, the scope/invasiveness of the patch makes it worthwhile to get merge this now. It's painful to maintain externally, too complicated to commit after the code code freeze, and a dependency of a number of other patches. Catversion bump, for obvious reasons. Author: Andres Freund, with contributions by John Naylor Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20180930034810.ywp2c7awz7opzcfr@alap3.anarazel.de