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-<HTML>
-<HEAD>
- <TITLE>The POSTGRES95 User Manual - ARCHITECTURE</TITLE>
-</HEAD>
-
-<BODY>
-
-<font size=-1>
-<A HREF="pg95user.html">[ TOC ]</A>
-<A HREF="intro.html">[ Previous ]</A>
-<A HREF="start.html">[ Next ]</A>
-</font>
-<HR>
-<H1>2. POSTGRES ARCHITECTURE CONCEPTS</H1>
-<HR>
- Before we continue, you should understand the basic
- POSTGRES system architecture. Understanding how the
- parts of POSTGRES interact will make the next chapter
- somewhat clearer.
- In database jargon, POSTGRES uses a simple "process
- per-user" client/server model. A POSTGRES session
- consists of the following cooperating UNIX processes (programs):
-<UL>
- <LI>A supervisory daemon process (the <B>postmaster</B>),
- <LI>the user's frontend application (e.g., the <B>psql</B> program), and
- <LI>the one or more backend database servers (the <B>postgres</B> process itself).
-</UL>
- A single <B>postmaster</B> manages a given collection of
- databases on a single host. Such a collection of
- databases is called an installation or site. Frontend
- applications that wish to access a given database
- within an installation make calls to the library.
- The library sends user requests over the network to the
- <B>postmaster</B> (Figure 1(a)), which in turn starts a new
- backend server process (Figure 1(b))
-
- <IMG SRC="figure01.gif" ALIGN=right ALT="Figure 1- How a connection is established"><br>
-
- and connects the
- frontend process to the new server (Figure 1(c)). From
- that point on, the frontend process and the backend
- server communicate without intervention by the
- <B>postmaster</B>. Hence, the <B>postmaster</B> is always running, waiting
- for requests, whereas frontend and backend processes
- come and go. The <B>LIBPQ</B> library allows a single
- frontend to make multiple connections to backend processes.
- However, the frontend application is still a
- single-threaded process. Multithreaded frontend/backend
- connections are not currently supported in <B>LIBPQ</B>.
- One implication of this architecture is that the
- <B>postmaster</B> and the backend always run on the same
- machine (the database server), while the frontend
- application may run anywhere. You should keep this
- in mind,
- because the files that can be accessed on a client
- machine may not be accessible (or may only be accessed
- using a different filename) on the database server
- machine.
- You should also be aware that the <B>postmaster</B> and
- postgres servers run with the user-id of the POSTGRES
- "superuser." Note that the POSTGRES superuser does not
- have to be a special user (e.g., a user named
- "postgres"). Furthermore, the POSTGRES superuser
- should
- definitely not be the UNIX superuser, "root"! In any
- case, all files relating to a database should belong to
- this POSTGRES superuser.
-
-<HR>
-<font size=-1>
-<A HREF="pg95user.html">[ TOC ]</A>
-<A HREF="intro.html">[ Previous ]</A>
-<A HREF="start.html">[ Next ]</A>
-</font>
-</BODY>
-</HTML>