Clean up Perl code according to perlcritic

Fix all perlcritic warnings of severity level 5, except in
src/backend/utils/Gen_dummy_probes.pl, which is automatically generated.

Reviewed-by: Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker <ilmari@ilmari.org>
Reviewed-by: Daniel Gustafsson <daniel@yesql.se>

17 files changed, 163 insertions, 163 deletions

diff --git a/src/tools/fix-old-flex-code.pl b/src/tools/fix-old-flex-code.pl
index 8dafcae15e2..bc868dfd7f6 100644
--- a/src/tools/fix-old-flex-code.pl
+++ b/src/tools/fix-old-flex-code.pl
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ my $filename = shift;
 # Suck in the whole file.
 local $/ = undef;
 my $cfile;
-open($cfile, $filename) || die "opening $filename for reading: $!";
+open($cfile, '<', $filename) || die "opening $filename for reading: $!";
 my $ccode = <$cfile>;
 close($cfile);
 
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ $ccode =~ s|(struct yyguts_t \* yyg = \(struct yyguts_t\*\)yyscanner; /\* This v
 |s;
 
 # Write the modified file back out.
-open($cfile, ">$filename") || die "opening $filename for writing: $!";
+open($cfile, '>', $filename) || die "opening $filename for writing: $!";
 print $cfile $ccode;
 close($cfile);
 
diff --git a/src/tools/msvc/Install.pm b/src/tools/msvc/Install.pm
index b81f4dd809c..35ad5b8a440 100644
--- a/src/tools/msvc/Install.pm
+++ b/src/tools/msvc/Install.pm
@@ -58,8 +58,8 @@ sub Install
 
 		# suppress warning about harmless redeclaration of $config
 		no warnings 'misc';
-		require "config_default.pl";
-		require "config.pl" if (-f "config.pl");
+		do "config_default.pl";
+		do "config.pl" if (-f "config.pl");
 	}
 
 	chdir("../../..")    if (-f "../../../configure");
@@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ sub GenerateConversionScript
 		$sql .=
 "COMMENT ON CONVERSION pg_catalog.$name IS 'conversion for $se to $de';\n\n";
 	}
-	open($F, ">$target/share/conversion_create.sql")
+	open($F, '>', "$target/share/conversion_create.sql")
 	  || die "Could not write to conversion_create.sql\n";
 	print $F $sql;
 	close($F);
@@ -409,7 +409,7 @@ sub GenerateTsearchFiles
 	$mf =~ /^LANGUAGES\s*=\s*(.*)$/m
 	  || die "Could not find LANGUAGES line in snowball Makefile\n";
 	my @pieces = split /\s+/, $1;
-	open($F, ">$target/share/snowball_create.sql")
+	open($F, '>', "$target/share/snowball_create.sql")
 	  || die "Could not write snowball_create.sql";
 	print $F read_file('src/backend/snowball/snowball_func.sql.in');
 
@@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ sub read_file
 	my $t = $/;
 
 	undef $/;
-	open($F, $filename) || die "Could not open file $filename\n";
+	open($F, '<', $filename) || die "Could not open file $filename\n";
 	my $txt = <$F>;
 	close($F);
 	$/ = $t;
diff --git a/src/tools/msvc/Mkvcbuild.pm b/src/tools/msvc/Mkvcbuild.pm
index 12f73f344cf..ba1bf6d97a8 100644
--- a/src/tools/msvc/Mkvcbuild.pm
+++ b/src/tools/msvc/Mkvcbuild.pm
@@ -825,7 +825,7 @@ sub GenerateContribSqlFiles
 				$dn   =~ s/\.sql$//;
 				$cont =~ s/MODULE_PATHNAME/\$libdir\/$dn/g;
 				my $o;
-				open($o, ">contrib/$n/$out")
+				open($o, '>', "contrib/$n/$out")
 				  || croak "Could not write to contrib/$n/$d";
 				print $o $cont;
 				close($o);
diff --git a/src/tools/msvc/Project.pm b/src/tools/msvc/Project.pm
index faf1a683f66..9817b9439a9 100644
--- a/src/tools/msvc/Project.pm
+++ b/src/tools/msvc/Project.pm
@@ -310,12 +310,12 @@ sub AddResourceFile
 	if (Solution::IsNewer("$dir/win32ver.rc", 'src/port/win32ver.rc'))
 	{
 		print "Generating win32ver.rc for $dir\n";
-		open(I, 'src/port/win32ver.rc')
+		open(my $i, '<', 'src/port/win32ver.rc')
 		  || confess "Could not open win32ver.rc";
-		open(O, ">$dir/win32ver.rc")
+		open(my $o, '>', "$dir/win32ver.rc")
 		  || confess "Could not write win32ver.rc";
 		my $icostr = $ico ? "IDI_ICON ICON \"src/port/$ico.ico\"" : "";
-		while (<I>)
+		while (<$i>)
 		{
 			s/FILEDESC/"$desc"/gm;
 			s/_ICO_/$icostr/gm;
@@ -324,11 +324,11 @@ sub AddResourceFile
 			{
 				s/VFT_APP/VFT_DLL/gm;
 			}
-			print O;
+			print $o $_;
 		}
+		close($o);
+		close($i);
 	}
-	close(O);
-	close(I);
 	$self->AddFile("$dir/win32ver.rc");
 }
 
@@ -357,13 +357,13 @@ sub Save
 	$self->DisableLinkerWarnings('4197') if ($self->{platform} eq 'x64');
 
 	# Dump the project
-	open(F, ">$self->{name}$self->{filenameExtension}")
+	open(my $f, '>', "$self->{name}$self->{filenameExtension}")
 	  || croak(
 		"Could not write to $self->{name}$self->{filenameExtension}\n");
-	$self->WriteHeader(*F);
-	$self->WriteFiles(*F);
-	$self->Footer(*F);
-	close(F);
+	$self->WriteHeader($f);
+	$self->WriteFiles($f);
+	$self->Footer($f);
+	close($f);
 }
 
 sub GetAdditionalLinkerDependencies
@@ -397,7 +397,7 @@ sub read_file
 	my $t = $/;
 
 	undef $/;
-	open($F, $filename) || croak "Could not open file $filename\n";
+	open($F, '<', $filename) || croak "Could not open file $filename\n";
 	my $txt = <$F>;
 	close($F);
 	$/ = $t;
@@ -412,8 +412,8 @@ sub read_makefile
 	my $t = $/;
 
 	undef $/;
-	open($F, "$reldir/GNUmakefile")
-	  || open($F, "$reldir/Makefile")
+	open($F, '<', "$reldir/GNUmakefile")
+	  || open($F, '<', "$reldir/Makefile")
 	  || confess "Could not open $reldir/Makefile\n";
 	my $txt = <$F>;
 	close($F);
diff --git a/src/tools/msvc/Solution.pm b/src/tools/msvc/Solution.pm
index ff9064f923d..abac2c74026 100644
--- a/src/tools/msvc/Solution.pm
+++ b/src/tools/msvc/Solution.pm
@@ -102,14 +102,14 @@ sub IsNewer
 sub copyFile
 {
 	my ($src, $dest) = @_;
-	open(I, $src)     || croak "Could not open $src";
-	open(O, ">$dest") || croak "Could not open $dest";
-	while (<I>)
+	open(my $i, '<', $src)  || croak "Could not open $src";
+	open(my $o, '>', $dest) || croak "Could not open $dest";
+	while (<$i>)
 	{
-		print O;
+		print $o $_;
 	}
-	close(I);
-	close(O);
+	close($i);
+	close($o);
 }
 
 sub GenerateFiles
@@ -118,9 +118,9 @@ sub GenerateFiles
 	my $bits = $self->{platform} eq 'Win32' ? 32 : 64;
 
 	# Parse configure.in to get version numbers
-	open(C, "configure.in")
+	open(my $c, '<', "configure.in")
 	  || confess("Could not open configure.in for reading\n");
-	while (<C>)
+	while (<$c>)
 	{
 		if (/^AC_INIT\(\[PostgreSQL\], \[([^\]]+)\]/)
 		{
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ sub GenerateFiles
 			$self->{majorver} = sprintf("%d", $1);
 		}
 	}
-	close(C);
+	close($c);
 	confess "Unable to parse configure.in for all variables!"
 	  if ($self->{strver} eq '' || $self->{numver} eq '');
 
@@ -146,91 +146,91 @@ sub GenerateFiles
 	if (IsNewer("src/include/pg_config.h", "src/include/pg_config.h.win32"))
 	{
 		print "Generating pg_config.h...\n";
-		open(I, "src/include/pg_config.h.win32")
+		open(my $i, '<', "src/include/pg_config.h.win32")
 		  || confess "Could not open pg_config.h.win32\n";
-		open(O, ">src/include/pg_config.h")
+		open(my $o, '>', "src/include/pg_config.h")
 		  || confess "Could not write to pg_config.h\n";
 		my $extraver = $self->{options}->{extraver};
 		$extraver = '' unless defined $extraver;
-		while (<I>)
+		while (<$i>)
 		{
 			s{PG_VERSION "[^"]+"}{PG_VERSION "$self->{strver}$extraver"};
 			s{PG_VERSION_NUM \d+}{PG_VERSION_NUM $self->{numver}};
 s{PG_VERSION_STR "[^"]+"}{__STRINGIFY(x) #x\n#define __STRINGIFY2(z) __STRINGIFY(z)\n#define PG_VERSION_STR "PostgreSQL $self->{strver}$extraver, compiled by Visual C++ build " __STRINGIFY2(_MSC_VER) ", $bits-bit"};
-			print O;
+			print $o $_;
 		}
-		print O "#define PG_MAJORVERSION \"$self->{majorver}\"\n";
-		print O "#define LOCALEDIR \"/share/locale\"\n"
+		print $o "#define PG_MAJORVERSION \"$self->{majorver}\"\n";
+		print $o "#define LOCALEDIR \"/share/locale\"\n"
 		  if ($self->{options}->{nls});
-		print O "/* defines added by config steps */\n";
-		print O "#ifndef IGNORE_CONFIGURED_SETTINGS\n";
-		print O "#define USE_ASSERT_CHECKING 1\n"
+		print $o "/* defines added by config steps */\n";
+		print $o "#ifndef IGNORE_CONFIGURED_SETTINGS\n";
+		print $o "#define USE_ASSERT_CHECKING 1\n"
 		  if ($self->{options}->{asserts});
-		print O "#define USE_LDAP 1\n"    if ($self->{options}->{ldap});
-		print O "#define HAVE_LIBZ 1\n"   if ($self->{options}->{zlib});
-		print O "#define USE_OPENSSL 1\n" if ($self->{options}->{openssl});
-		print O "#define ENABLE_NLS 1\n"  if ($self->{options}->{nls});
+		print $o "#define USE_LDAP 1\n"    if ($self->{options}->{ldap});
+		print $o "#define HAVE_LIBZ 1\n"   if ($self->{options}->{zlib});
+		print $o "#define USE_OPENSSL 1\n" if ($self->{options}->{openssl});
+		print $o "#define ENABLE_NLS 1\n"  if ($self->{options}->{nls});
 
-		print O "#define BLCKSZ ", 1024 * $self->{options}->{blocksize}, "\n";
-		print O "#define RELSEG_SIZE ",
+		print $o "#define BLCKSZ ", 1024 * $self->{options}->{blocksize}, "\n";
+		print $o "#define RELSEG_SIZE ",
 		  (1024 / $self->{options}->{blocksize}) *
 		  $self->{options}->{segsize} *
 		  1024, "\n";
-		print O "#define XLOG_BLCKSZ ",
+		print $o "#define XLOG_BLCKSZ ",
 		  1024 * $self->{options}->{wal_blocksize}, "\n";
-		print O "#define XLOG_SEG_SIZE (", $self->{options}->{wal_segsize},
+		print $o "#define XLOG_SEG_SIZE (", $self->{options}->{wal_segsize},
 		  " * 1024 * 1024)\n";
 
 		if ($self->{options}->{float4byval})
 		{
-			print O "#define USE_FLOAT4_BYVAL 1\n";
-			print O "#define FLOAT4PASSBYVAL true\n";
+			print $o "#define USE_FLOAT4_BYVAL 1\n";
+			print $o "#define FLOAT4PASSBYVAL true\n";
 		}
 		else
 		{
-			print O "#define FLOAT4PASSBYVAL false\n";
+			print $o "#define FLOAT4PASSBYVAL false\n";
 		}
 		if ($self->{options}->{float8byval})
 		{
-			print O "#define USE_FLOAT8_BYVAL 1\n";
-			print O "#define FLOAT8PASSBYVAL true\n";
+			print $o "#define USE_FLOAT8_BYVAL 1\n";
+			print $o "#define FLOAT8PASSBYVAL true\n";
 		}
 		else
 		{
-			print O "#define FLOAT8PASSBYVAL false\n";
+			print $o "#define FLOAT8PASSBYVAL false\n";
 		}
 
 		if ($self->{options}->{uuid})
 		{
-			print O "#define HAVE_UUID_OSSP\n";
-			print O "#define HAVE_UUID_H\n";
+			print $o "#define HAVE_UUID_OSSP\n";
+			print $o "#define HAVE_UUID_H\n";
 		}
 		if ($self->{options}->{xml})
 		{
-			print O "#define HAVE_LIBXML2\n";
-			print O "#define USE_LIBXML\n";
+			print $o "#define HAVE_LIBXML2\n";
+			print $o "#define USE_LIBXML\n";
 		}
 		if ($self->{options}->{xslt})
 		{
-			print O "#define HAVE_LIBXSLT\n";
-			print O "#define USE_LIBXSLT\n";
+			print $o "#define HAVE_LIBXSLT\n";
+			print $o "#define USE_LIBXSLT\n";
 		}
 		if ($self->{options}->{gss})
 		{
-			print O "#define ENABLE_GSS 1\n";
+			print $o "#define ENABLE_GSS 1\n";
 		}
 		if (my $port = $self->{options}->{"--with-pgport"})
 		{
-			print O "#undef DEF_PGPORT\n";
-			print O "#undef DEF_PGPORT_STR\n";
-			print O "#define DEF_PGPORT $port\n";
-			print O "#define DEF_PGPORT_STR \"$port\"\n";
+			print $o "#undef DEF_PGPORT\n";
+			print $o "#undef DEF_PGPORT_STR\n";
+			print $o "#define DEF_PGPORT $port\n";
+			print $o "#define DEF_PGPORT_STR \"$port\"\n";
 		}
-		print O "#define VAL_CONFIGURE \""
+		print $o "#define VAL_CONFIGURE \""
 		  . $self->GetFakeConfigure() . "\"\n";
-		print O "#endif /* IGNORE_CONFIGURED_SETTINGS */\n";
-		close(O);
-		close(I);
+		print $o "#endif /* IGNORE_CONFIGURED_SETTINGS */\n";
+		close($o);
+		close($i);
 	}
 
 	if (IsNewer(
@@ -379,17 +379,17 @@ s{PG_VERSION_STR "[^"]+"}{__STRINGIFY(x) #x\n#define __STRINGIFY2(z) __STRINGIFY
 		my ($sec, $min, $hour, $mday, $mon, $year, $wday, $yday, $isdst) =
 		  localtime(time);
 		my $d = ($year - 100) . "$yday";
-		open(I, '<', 'src/interfaces/libpq/libpq.rc.in')
+		open(my $i, '<', 'src/interfaces/libpq/libpq.rc.in')
 		  || confess "Could not open libpq.rc.in";
-		open(O, '>', 'src/interfaces/libpq/libpq.rc')
+		open(my $o, '>', 'src/interfaces/libpq/libpq.rc')
 		  || confess "Could not open libpq.rc";
-		while (<I>)
+		while (<$i>)
 		{
 			s/(VERSION.*),0/$1,$d/;
-			print O;
+			print $o;
 		}
-		close(I);
-		close(O);
+		close($i);
+		close($o);
 	}
 
 	if (IsNewer('src/bin/psql/sql_help.h', 'src/bin/psql/create_help.pl'))
@@ -415,23 +415,23 @@ s{PG_VERSION_STR "[^"]+"}{__STRINGIFY(x) #x\n#define __STRINGIFY2(z) __STRINGIFY
 			'src/interfaces/ecpg/include/ecpg_config.h.in'))
 	{
 		print "Generating ecpg_config.h...\n";
-		open(O, '>', 'src/interfaces/ecpg/include/ecpg_config.h')
+		open(my $o, '>', 'src/interfaces/ecpg/include/ecpg_config.h')
 		  || confess "Could not open ecpg_config.h";
-		print O <<EOF;
+		print $o <<EOF;
 #if (_MSC_VER > 1200)
 #define HAVE_LONG_LONG_INT_64
 #define ENABLE_THREAD_SAFETY 1
 EOF
-		print O "#endif\n";
-		close(O);
+		print $o "#endif\n";
+		close($o);
 	}
 
 	unless (-f "src/port/pg_config_paths.h")
 	{
 		print "Generating pg_config_paths.h...\n";
-		open(O, '>', 'src/port/pg_config_paths.h')
+		open(my $o, '>', 'src/port/pg_config_paths.h')
 		  || confess "Could not open pg_config_paths.h";
-		print O <<EOF;
+		print $o <<EOF;
 #define PGBINDIR "/bin"
 #define PGSHAREDIR "/share"
 #define SYSCONFDIR "/etc"
@@ -445,7 +445,7 @@ EOF
 #define HTMLDIR "/doc"
 #define MANDIR "/man"
 EOF
-		close(O);
+		close($o);
 	}
 
 	my $mf = Project::read_file('src/backend/catalog/Makefile');
@@ -474,13 +474,13 @@ EOF
 		}
 	}
 
-	open(O, ">doc/src/sgml/version.sgml")
+	open(my $o, '>', "doc/src/sgml/version.sgml")
 	  || croak "Could not write to version.sgml\n";
-	print O <<EOF;
+	print $o <<EOF;
 <!ENTITY version "$self->{strver}">
 <!ENTITY majorversion "$self->{majorver}">
 EOF
-	close(O);
+	close($o);
 }
 
 sub GenerateDefFile
@@ -490,18 +490,18 @@ sub GenerateDefFile
 	if (IsNewer($deffile, $txtfile))
 	{
 		print "Generating $deffile...\n";
-		open(I, $txtfile)    || confess("Could not open $txtfile\n");
-		open(O, ">$deffile") || confess("Could not open $deffile\n");
-		print O "LIBRARY $libname\nEXPORTS\n";
-		while (<I>)
+		open(my $if, '<', $txtfile) || confess("Could not open $txtfile\n");
+		open(my $of, '>', $deffile) || confess("Could not open $deffile\n");
+		print $of "LIBRARY $libname\nEXPORTS\n";
+		while (<$if>)
 		{
 			next if (/^#/);
 			next if (/^\s*$/);
 			my ($f, $o) = split;
-			print O " $f @ $o\n";
+			print $of " $f @ $o\n";
 		}
-		close(O);
-		close(I);
+		close($of);
+		close($if);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -575,19 +575,19 @@ sub Save
 		}
 	}
 
-	open(SLN, ">pgsql.sln") || croak "Could not write to pgsql.sln\n";
-	print SLN <<EOF;
+	open(my $sln, '>', "pgsql.sln") || croak "Could not write to pgsql.sln\n";
+	print $sln <<EOF;
 Microsoft Visual Studio Solution File, Format Version $self->{solutionFileVersion}
 # $self->{visualStudioName}
 EOF
 
-	print SLN $self->GetAdditionalHeaders();
+	print $sln $self->GetAdditionalHeaders();
 
 	foreach my $fld (keys %{ $self->{projects} })
 	{
 		foreach my $proj (@{ $self->{projects}->{$fld} })
 		{
-			print SLN <<EOF;
+			print $sln <<EOF;
 Project("{8BC9CEB8-8B4A-11D0-8D11-00A0C91BC942}") = "$proj->{name}", "$proj->{name}$proj->{filenameExtension}", "$proj->{guid}"
 EndProject
 EOF
@@ -595,14 +595,14 @@ EOF
 		if ($fld ne "")
 		{
 			$flduid{$fld} = Win32::GuidGen();
-			print SLN <<EOF;
+			print $sln <<EOF;
 Project("{2150E333-8FDC-42A3-9474-1A3956D46DE8}") = "$fld", "$fld", "$flduid{$fld}"
 EndProject
 EOF
 		}
 	}
 
-	print SLN <<EOF;
+	print $sln <<EOF;
 Global
 	GlobalSection(SolutionConfigurationPlatforms) = preSolution
 		Debug|$self->{platform}= Debug|$self->{platform}
@@ -615,7 +615,7 @@ EOF
 	{
 		foreach my $proj (@{ $self->{projects}->{$fld} })
 		{
-			print SLN <<EOF;
+			print $sln <<EOF;
 		$proj->{guid}.Debug|$self->{platform}.ActiveCfg = Debug|$self->{platform}
 		$proj->{guid}.Debug|$self->{platform}.Build.0  = Debug|$self->{platform}
 		$proj->{guid}.Release|$self->{platform}.ActiveCfg = Release|$self->{platform}
@@ -624,7 +624,7 @@ EOF
 		}
 	}
 
-	print SLN <<EOF;
+	print $sln <<EOF;
 	EndGlobalSection
 	GlobalSection(SolutionProperties) = preSolution
 		HideSolutionNode = FALSE
@@ -637,15 +637,15 @@ EOF
 		next if ($fld eq "");
 		foreach my $proj (@{ $self->{projects}->{$fld} })
 		{
-			print SLN "\t\t$proj->{guid} = $flduid{$fld}\n";
+			print $sln "\t\t$proj->{guid} = $flduid{$fld}\n";
 		}
 	}
 
-	print SLN <<EOF;
+	print $sln <<EOF;
 	EndGlobalSection
 EndGlobal
 EOF
-	close(SLN);
+	close($sln);
 }
 
 sub GetFakeConfigure
diff --git a/src/tools/msvc/build.pl b/src/tools/msvc/build.pl
index 2e7c54853a6..72460642907 100644
--- a/src/tools/msvc/build.pl
+++ b/src/tools/msvc/build.pl
@@ -23,17 +23,17 @@ use Mkvcbuild;
 
 if (-e "src/tools/msvc/buildenv.pl")
 {
-	require "src/tools/msvc/buildenv.pl";
+	do "src/tools/msvc/buildenv.pl";
 }
 elsif (-e "./buildenv.pl")
 {
-	require "./buildenv.pl";
+	do "./buildenv.pl";
 }
 
 # set up the project
 our $config;
-require "config_default.pl";
-require "config.pl" if (-f "src/tools/msvc/config.pl");
+do "config_default.pl";
+do "config.pl" if (-f "src/tools/msvc/config.pl");
 
 my $vcver = Mkvcbuild::mkvcbuild($config);
 
diff --git a/src/tools/msvc/builddoc.pl b/src/tools/msvc/builddoc.pl
index 2b56ced43ce..e0b5c50b342 100644
--- a/src/tools/msvc/builddoc.pl
+++ b/src/tools/msvc/builddoc.pl
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ chdir '../../..' if (-d '../msvc' && -d '../../../src');
 
 noversion() unless -e 'doc/src/sgml/version.sgml';
 
-require 'src/tools/msvc/buildenv.pl' if -e 'src/tools/msvc/buildenv.pl';
+do 'src/tools/msvc/buildenv.pl' if -e 'src/tools/msvc/buildenv.pl';
 
 my $docroot = $ENV{DOCROOT};
 die "bad DOCROOT '$docroot'" unless ($docroot && -d $docroot);
diff --git a/src/tools/msvc/gendef.pl b/src/tools/msvc/gendef.pl
index 3bcff7ffaf6..64227c2dce5 100644
--- a/src/tools/msvc/gendef.pl
+++ b/src/tools/msvc/gendef.pl
@@ -32,8 +32,8 @@ sub dumpsyms
 sub extract_syms
 {
 	my ($symfile, $def) = @_;
-	open(F, "<$symfile") || die "Could not open $symfile for $_\n";
-	while (<F>)
+	open(my $f, '<', $symfile) || die "Could not open $symfile for $_\n";
+	while (<$f>)
 	{
 
 	# Expected symbol lines look like:
@@ -115,14 +115,14 @@ sub extract_syms
 		# whatever came last.
 		$def->{ $pieces[6] } = $pieces[3];
 	}
-	close(F);
+	close($f);
 }
 
 sub writedef
 {
 	my ($deffile, $platform, $def) = @_;
-	open(DEF, ">$deffile") || die "Could not write to $deffile\n";
-	print DEF "EXPORTS\n";
+	open(my $fh, '>', $deffile) || die "Could not write to $deffile\n";
+	print $fh "EXPORTS\n";
 	foreach my $f (sort keys %{$def})
 	{
 		my $isdata = $def->{$f} eq 'data';
@@ -135,14 +135,14 @@ sub writedef
 		# decorated with the DATA option for variables.
 		if ($isdata)
 		{
-			print DEF "  $f DATA\n";
+			print $fh "  $f DATA\n";
 		}
 		else
 		{
-			print DEF "  $f\n";
+			print $fh "  $f\n";
 		}
 	}
-	close(DEF);
+	close($fh);
 }
 
 
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ print "Generating $defname.DEF from directory $ARGV[0], platform $platform\n";
 
 my %def = ();
 
-while (<$ARGV[0]/*.obj>)
+while (<$ARGV[0]/*.obj>)  ## no critic (RequireGlobFunction);
 {
 	my $objfile = $_;
 	my $symfile = $objfile;
diff --git a/src/tools/msvc/install.pl b/src/tools/msvc/install.pl
index bde5b7c793a..b2d7f9e040b 100755
--- a/src/tools/msvc/install.pl
+++ b/src/tools/msvc/install.pl
@@ -14,11 +14,11 @@ use Install qw(Install);
 
 if (-e "src/tools/msvc/buildenv.pl")
 {
-	require "src/tools/msvc/buildenv.pl";
+	do "src/tools/msvc/buildenv.pl";
 }
 elsif (-e "./buildenv.pl")
 {
-	require "./buildenv.pl";
+	do "./buildenv.pl";
 }
 
 my $target = shift || Usage();
diff --git a/src/tools/msvc/mkvcbuild.pl b/src/tools/msvc/mkvcbuild.pl
index 6f1c42e5044..9255dff022d 100644
--- a/src/tools/msvc/mkvcbuild.pl
+++ b/src/tools/msvc/mkvcbuild.pl
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ print "Warning: no config.pl found, using default.\n"
   unless (-f 'src/tools/msvc/config.pl');
 
 our $config;
-require 'src/tools/msvc/config_default.pl';
-require 'src/tools/msvc/config.pl' if (-f 'src/tools/msvc/config.pl');
+do 'src/tools/msvc/config_default.pl';
+do 'src/tools/msvc/config.pl' if (-f 'src/tools/msvc/config.pl');
 
 Mkvcbuild::mkvcbuild($config);
diff --git a/src/tools/msvc/pgbison.pl b/src/tools/msvc/pgbison.pl
index 31e75403f59..e799d900fe0 100644
--- a/src/tools/msvc/pgbison.pl
+++ b/src/tools/msvc/pgbison.pl
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ use File::Basename;
 
 # assume we are in the postgres source root
 
-require 'src/tools/msvc/buildenv.pl' if -e 'src/tools/msvc/buildenv.pl';
+do 'src/tools/msvc/buildenv.pl' if -e 'src/tools/msvc/buildenv.pl';
 
 my ($bisonver) = `bison -V`;    # grab first line
 $bisonver = (split(/\s+/, $bisonver))[3];    # grab version number
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ $output =~ s/gram\.c$/pl_gram.c/ if $input =~ /src.pl.plpgsql.src.gram\.y$/;
 
 my $makefile = dirname($input) . "/Makefile";
 my ($mf, $make);
-open($mf, $makefile);
+open($mf, '<', $makefile);
 local $/ = undef;
 $make = <$mf>;
 close($mf);
diff --git a/src/tools/msvc/pgflex.pl b/src/tools/msvc/pgflex.pl
index fab0efa79fb..67397ba6446 100644
--- a/src/tools/msvc/pgflex.pl
+++ b/src/tools/msvc/pgflex.pl
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ $ENV{CYGWIN} = 'nodosfilewarning';
 
 # assume we are in the postgres source root
 
-require 'src/tools/msvc/buildenv.pl' if -e 'src/tools/msvc/buildenv.pl';
+do 'src/tools/msvc/buildenv.pl' if -e 'src/tools/msvc/buildenv.pl';
 
 my ($flexver) = `flex -V`;    # grab first line
 $flexver = (split(/\s+/, $flexver))[1];
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ elsif (!-e $input)
 # get flex flags from make file
 my $makefile = dirname($input) . "/Makefile";
 my ($mf, $make);
-open($mf, $makefile);
+open($mf, '<', $makefile);
 local $/ = undef;
 $make = <$mf>;
 close($mf);
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ if ($? == 0)
 {
 	# Check for "%option reentrant" in .l file.
 	my $lfile;
-	open($lfile, $input) || die "opening $input for reading: $!";
+	open($lfile, '<', $input) || die "opening $input for reading: $!";
 	my $lcode = <$lfile>;
 	close($lfile);
 	if ($lcode =~ /\%option\sreentrant/)
@@ -69,18 +69,18 @@ if ($? == 0)
 		# For reentrant scanners (like the core scanner) we do not
 		# need to (and must not) change the yywrap definition.
 		my $cfile;
-		open($cfile, $output) || die "opening $output for reading: $!";
+		open($cfile, '<', $output) || die "opening $output for reading: $!";
 		my $ccode = <$cfile>;
 		close($cfile);
 		$ccode =~ s/yywrap\(n\)/yywrap()/;
-		open($cfile, ">$output") || die "opening $output for writing: $!";
+		open($cfile, '>', $output) || die "opening $output for writing: $!";
 		print $cfile $ccode;
 		close($cfile);
 	}
 	if ($flexflags =~ /\s-b\s/)
 	{
 		my $lexback = "lex.backup";
-		open($lfile, $lexback) || die "opening $lexback for reading: $!";
+		open($lfile, '<', $lexback) || die "opening $lexback for reading: $!";
 		my $lexbacklines = <$lfile>;
 		close($lfile);
 		my $linecount = $lexbacklines =~ tr /\n/\n/;
diff --git a/src/tools/msvc/vcregress.pl b/src/tools/msvc/vcregress.pl
index f1b9819cd2e..d9367f8fd5a 100644
--- a/src/tools/msvc/vcregress.pl
+++ b/src/tools/msvc/vcregress.pl
@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@ chdir "../../.." if (-d "../../../src/tools/msvc");
 my $topdir         = getcwd();
 my $tmp_installdir = "$topdir/tmp_install";
 
-require 'src/tools/msvc/config_default.pl';
-require 'src/tools/msvc/config.pl' if (-f 'src/tools/msvc/config.pl');
+do 'src/tools/msvc/config_default.pl';
+do 'src/tools/msvc/config.pl' if (-f 'src/tools/msvc/config.pl');
 
 # buildenv.pl is for specifying the build environment settings
 # it should contain lines like:
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ require 'src/tools/msvc/config.pl' if (-f 'src/tools/msvc/config.pl');
 
 if (-e "src/tools/msvc/buildenv.pl")
 {
-	require "src/tools/msvc/buildenv.pl";
+	do "src/tools/msvc/buildenv.pl";
 }
 
 my $what = shift || "";
@@ -505,8 +505,8 @@ sub upgradecheck
 sub fetchRegressOpts
 {
 	my $handle;
-	open($handle, "<GNUmakefile")
-	  || open($handle, "<Makefile")
+	open($handle, '<', "GNUmakefile")
+	  || open($handle, '<', "Makefile")
 	  || die "Could not open Makefile";
 	local ($/) = undef;
 	my $m = <$handle>;
@@ -521,8 +521,9 @@ sub fetchRegressOpts
 		# an unhandled variable reference.  Ignore anything that isn't an
 		# option starting with "--".
 		@opts = grep {
-			s/\Q$(top_builddir)\E/\"$topdir\"/;
-			$_ !~ /\$\(/ && $_ =~ /^--/
+			my $x = $_;
+			$x =~ s/\Q$(top_builddir)\E/\"$topdir\"/;
+			$x !~ /\$\(/ && $x =~ /^--/
 		} split(/\s+/, $1);
 	}
 	if ($m =~ /^\s*ENCODING\s*=\s*(\S+)/m)
@@ -540,8 +541,8 @@ sub fetchTests
 {
 
 	my $handle;
-	open($handle, "<GNUmakefile")
-	  || open($handle, "<Makefile")
+	open($handle, '<', "GNUmakefile")
+	  || open($handle, '<', "Makefile")
 	  || die "Could not open Makefile";
 	local ($/) = undef;
 	my $m = <$handle>;
diff --git a/src/tools/pginclude/pgcheckdefines b/src/tools/pginclude/pgcheckdefines
index e166efa08da..aa7c9c2fc13 100755
--- a/src/tools/pginclude/pgcheckdefines
+++ b/src/tools/pginclude/pgcheckdefines
@@ -42,25 +42,25 @@ my $MAKE = "make";
 #
 my (@cfiles, @hfiles);
 
-open PIPE, "$FIND * -type f -name '*.c' |"
+open my $pipe, '-|', "$FIND * -type f -name '*.c'"
   or die "can't fork: $!";
-while (<PIPE>)
+while (<$pipe>)
 {
 	chomp;
 	push @cfiles, $_;
 }
-close PIPE or die "$FIND failed: $!";
+close $pipe or die "$FIND failed: $!";
 
-open PIPE, "$FIND * -type f -name '*.h' |"
+open $pipe, '-|', "$FIND * -type f -name '*.h'"
   or die "can't fork: $!";
-while (<PIPE>)
+while (<$pipe>)
 {
 	chomp;
 	push @hfiles, $_
 	  unless m|^src/include/port/|
 		  || m|^src/backend/port/\w+/|;
 }
-close PIPE or die "$FIND failed: $!";
+close $pipe or die "$FIND failed: $!";
 
 #
 # For each .h file, extract all the symbols it #define's, and add them to
@@ -71,16 +71,16 @@ my %defines;
 
 foreach my $hfile (@hfiles)
 {
-	open HFILE, $hfile
+	open my $fh, '<', $hfile
 	  or die "can't open $hfile: $!";
-	while (<HFILE>)
+	while (<$fh>)
 	{
 		if (m/^\s*#\s*define\s+(\w+)/)
 		{
 			$defines{$1}{$hfile} = 1;
 		}
 	}
-	close HFILE;
+	close $fh;
 }
 
 #
@@ -124,9 +124,9 @@ foreach my $file (@hfiles, @cfiles)
 
 	my ($CPPFLAGS, $CFLAGS, $CFLAGS_SL, $PTHREAD_CFLAGS, $CC);
 
-	open PIPE, "$MAKECMD |"
+	open $pipe, '-|', "$MAKECMD"
 	  or die "can't fork: $!";
-	while (<PIPE>)
+	while (<$pipe>)
 	{
 		if (m/^CPPFLAGS :?= (.*)/)
 		{
@@ -166,9 +166,9 @@ foreach my $file (@hfiles, @cfiles)
 	#
 	my @includes = ();
 	my $COMPILE  = "$CC $CPPFLAGS $CFLAGS -H -E $fname";
-	open PIPE, "$COMPILE 2>&1 >/dev/null |"
+	open $pipe, '-|', "$COMPILE 2>&1 >/dev/null"
 	  or die "can't fork: $!";
-	while (<PIPE>)
+	while (<$pipe>)
 	{
 		if (m/^\.+ (.*)/)
 		{
@@ -211,10 +211,10 @@ foreach my $file (@hfiles, @cfiles)
 	# We assume #ifdef isn't continued across lines, and that defined(foo)
 	# isn't split across lines either
 	#
-	open FILE, $fname
+	open my $fh, '<', $fname
 	  or die "can't open $file: $!";
 	my $inif = 0;
-	while (<FILE>)
+	while (<$fh>)
 	{
 		my $line = $_;
 		if ($line =~ m/^\s*#\s*ifdef\s+(\w+)/)
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ foreach my $file (@hfiles, @cfiles)
 			}
 		}
 	}
-	close FILE;
+	close $fh;
 
 	chdir $topdir or die "can't chdir to $topdir: $!";
 }
diff --git a/src/tools/pgindent/pgindent b/src/tools/pgindent/pgindent
index 0d3859d029d..0f3a1ba69a7 100755
--- a/src/tools/pgindent/pgindent
+++ b/src/tools/pgindent/pgindent
@@ -159,8 +159,7 @@ sub process_exclude
 		while (my $line = <$eh>)
 		{
 			chomp $line;
-			my $rgx;
-			eval " \$rgx = qr!$line!;";
+			my $rgx = qr!$line!;
 			@files = grep { $_ !~ /$rgx/ } @files if $rgx;
 		}
 		close($eh);
@@ -435,7 +434,7 @@ sub diff
 
 sub run_build
 {
-	eval "use LWP::Simple;";
+	eval "use LWP::Simple;";  ## no critic (ProhibitStringyEval);
 
 	my $code_base = shift || '.';
 	my $save_dir = getcwd();
diff --git a/src/tools/version_stamp.pl b/src/tools/version_stamp.pl
index dc9173f2343..f973dd950c7 100755
--- a/src/tools/version_stamp.pl
+++ b/src/tools/version_stamp.pl
@@ -80,8 +80,8 @@ my $padnumericversion = sprintf("%d%04d", $majorversion, $numericminor);
 # (this also ensures we're in the right directory)
 
 my $aconfver = "";
-open(FILE, "configure.in") || die "could not read configure.in: $!\n";
-while (<FILE>)
+open(my $fh, '<', "configure.in") || die "could not read configure.in: $!\n";
+while (<$fh>)
 {
 	if (
 m/^m4_if\(m4_defn\(\[m4_PACKAGE_VERSION\]\), \[(.*)\], \[\], \[m4_fatal/)
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ m/^m4_if\(m4_defn\(\[m4_PACKAGE_VERSION\]\), \[(.*)\], \[\], \[m4_fatal/)
 		last;
 	}
 }
-close(FILE);
+close($fh);
 $aconfver ne ""
   || die "could not find autoconf version number in configure.in\n";
 
diff --git a/src/tools/win32tzlist.pl b/src/tools/win32tzlist.pl
index 6345465b193..0bdcc3610ff 100755
--- a/src/tools/win32tzlist.pl
+++ b/src/tools/win32tzlist.pl
@@ -58,11 +58,11 @@ $basekey->Close();
 # Fetch all timezones currently in the file
 #
 my @file_zones;
-open(TZFILE, "<$tzfile") or die "Could not open $tzfile!\n";
+open(my $tzfh, '<', $tzfile) or die "Could not open $tzfile!\n";
 my $t = $/;
 undef $/;
-my $pgtz = <TZFILE>;
-close(TZFILE);
+my $pgtz = <$tzfh>;
+close($tzfh);
 $/ = $t;
 
 # Attempt to locate and extract the complete win32_tzmap struct