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-=====================================================
-Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) for PostgresSQL V6.0
-Linux Specific
-TO BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE NORMAL FAQ
-=====================================================
-last updated:           Wed Jan 29 20:16:00 GMT 1997
-
-current maintainer:     Andrew C.R. Martin (martin@biochem.ucl.ac.uk)
-original author:        Andrew C.R. Martin (martin@biochem.ucl.ac.uk)
-
-
-Changes in this version (* = modified, + = new, - = removed):
-*1.1)   What changes do I need to make to src/Makefile.global or
-        src/Makefile.custom?
-*1.2)   Why do I get problems with missing libreadline?
-*1.6)   GCC complains about an ignored option -fpic
-*1.7)   I get warnings of the form 
-        warning: cast from pointer to integer of different size
-*1.8)   [SuSE-Linux 4.2] Where is curses and termcap?
-*1.11)  How do I compile PostgreSQL on an a.out system?
-*1.12)  Why does make fail with:
-        yacc -d /disk2/PostgreSQL/src/backend/parser/gram.y
-        make: /usr/bin/make: cannot execute binary file
-*1.14)  [DEBIAN] Where is libtermcap?
-*2.1)   The linker fails to find libX11 when compiling pgtclsh
-+3.6)   Why does psql fail with:
-        psql: can't load library 'libpq.so.1'
--4.*)   Spurious problems
-
-This file is divided approximately as follows:
-1.*)    Installing PostgreSQL
-2.*)    Compiling accessory programs
-3.*)    Runtime Problems
-
-
-Questions answered:
-1.1)    What changes do I need to make to src/Makefile.global or
-        src/Makefile.custom?
-1.2)    Why do I get problems with missing libreadline?
-1.3)    [REDHAT] Why do I get problems with missing libdl and dlfcn.h?
-1.4)    [SLACKWARE 3.1] Why do I get problems with missing libdl and dlfcn.h?
-1.5)    My compile of the backend dies complaining about the include file
-        dlfcn.h missing
-1.6)    GCC complains about an ignored option -fpic
-1.7)    I get warnings of the form
-        warning: cast from pointer to integer of different size
-1.8)    [SuSE-Linux 4.2] Where is curses and termcap?
-1.9)    Why do I get problems with ld.so?
-1.10)   Why do I get `yy_flush_buffer undefined' errors?
-1.11)   How do I compile PostgreSQL on an a.out system?
-1.12)   Why does make fail with:
-        yacc -d /disk2/PostgreSQL/src/backend/parser/gram.y
-        make: /usr/bin/make: cannot execute binary file
-1.13)   What are the references in X11_LIB to libsocket and libnsl in
-        src/Makefile.global?
-1.14)   [DEBIAN] Where is libtermcap?
-2.1)    The linker fails to find libX11 when compiling pgtclsh
-3.1)    I get an error reporting _fUnKy_POSTPORT_sTuFf_ undefined when 
-        running scripts like createuser
-3.2)    I run postmaster and after that system says 'Bad system call(Core 
-        dumped)'
-3.3)    When I try to start the Postmaster, why do I get an error of the form
-        Failed Assertion("!(file != 0):(null)", File:
-        "/usr/local/PostgreSQL/src/backend/storage/file/fd.c", Line: 257)
-        !(file != 0) (0)
-        initdb: could not create template database
-        initdb: cleaning up.
-3.4)    Why doesn't createuser work?
-3.5)    Why do I get an error like:
-        IpcMemoryCreate: memKey=155356396 , size=760632 ,
-        permission=384IpcMemoryCreate: shmget(..., create, ...)
-        failed: Invalid argument
-3.6)    Why does psql fail with:
-        psql: can't load library 'libpq.so.1'
-4.1)    Why doesn't the postmaster start the first time?
-
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
-Section 1:      Compiling PostgreSQL
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-1.1)    What changes do I need to make to src/Makefile.global or
-        src/Makefile.custom?
-
-	These changes are most easily made by running the customize
-	shell script in the src directory which will write a
-	Makefile.custom for you.
-
-        If you do it by hand, you *must* set the following variable:
-                PORTNAME=       linux
-
-        You will also need to change the following to match your own
-        installation:
-                POSTGRESDIR
-
-        If you switch on the USE_TCL option, you will need to set these:
-                TCL_INCDIR=
-                TCL_LIBDIR=
-                TCL_LIB=
-                TK_INCDIR=
-                TK_LIBDIR=
-                TK_LIB=
-                X11_INCDIR=
-                X11_LIBDIR=
-                X11_LIB=
-
-        On my Slackware3.0 system, these are:
-                TCL_INCDIR=     /usr/include/tcl
-                TCL_LIBDIR=     /usr/lib
-                TCL_LIB=        -ltcl
-                TK_INCDIR=      /usr/include/tcl
-                TK_LIBDIR=      /usr/lib
-                TK_LIB=         -ltk
-                X11_INCDIR=     /usr/include/X11
-                X11_LIBDIR=     /usr/X386/lib
-                X11_LIB=        -lX11
- 
-        You may also make any other changes you need as documented in
-        the INSTALL file and in Makefile.global
-
-
-1.2)    Why do I get problems with missing libreadline?
-
-        Linux systems generally don't come with the GNU readline library
-        installed. Either ensure you do not activate the readline options
-        in src/Makefile.global or src/Makefile.custom or install the GNU 
-        readline library.
-
-        Note that Debian Linux (like FreeBSD) does come with readline
-        installed.
-
-1.3)    [REDHAT] Why do I get problems with missing libdl and dlfcn.h?
-
-        The libdl library is used for dynamic linking of user-supplied
-        functions at run-time. For some reason this library was missed out
-        from the Redhat distribution. It seems that the latest Redhat 4.0
-        (Colgate) fixes this.
-
-        RedHat now have a new ld.so RPM package on their FTP site.
-        Simply grab:
-
-                ftp://ftp.redhat.com/pub/redhat/devel/i386/RedHat/RPMS/ld.so-1.7.14-4.i386.rpm
-
-        Install the RPM file in the usual way and off you go!
-
-        There has been one report of a corrupted system resulting from
-        programs accessing these libraries while updating them (not
-        altogether surprising). Consequently it is a good idea to reboot 
-        the system before installing the new libraries and to
-        have as little running as possible during this upgrade. Going
-        into single-user mode is probably a good idea!
-
-        If you want to do it the hard way, you can obtain the library and the 
-        header file from:
-        
-                ftp://tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/packages/GCC/ld.so-1.7.14.tar.gz
-
-        Alternatively, you may find precompiled binaries in 
-        distributions/debian/buzz/binary-i386/base/ld.so-1.7.14-4.deb
-        on the same site, or follow the instructions given for question 1.2 for
-        correcting the same error with early releases of Slackware 3.1.
-        Don't use this method unless you know what you are doing!
-
-
-
-1.4)    [SLACKWARE 3.1] Why do I get problems with missing libdl and dlfcn.h?
-
-        See the answer to question 1.3. Slackware up to version 3.0 was 
-        supplied with this library and include file and they seem to be
-        back in again in the latest versions of 3.1, but the early 3.1
-        releases (before 9th September 1996) had them missing and many 
-        CD-ROM versions will have been pressed from the first 3.1 releases.
-
-        There has been one report of a corrupted system resulting from
-        programs accessing these libraries while updating them (not
-        altogether surprising). Consequently it is a good idea to reboot 
-        the system before installing the new libraries and to
-        have as little running as possible during this upgrade. Going
-        into single-user mode is probably a good idea!
-
-        The easiest fix is to obtain the file ldso.tgz from the a4 disk of
-        a more recent Slackware 3.1 distribution and unpack this file
-        from the root (/) directory, then do
-
-                sh install/doinst.sh
-
-        to complete the installation. Follow this with
-
-                ldconfig
-
-        If you want to install manually, you must first install the file
-        dlfcn.h in /usr/include.
-
-        Second, install the file libdl.so.1.7.14 (or whatever the latest
-        release is) in /lib, then do:
-
-                cd /lib
-                ln -sf libdl.so.1.7.14 libdl.so.1
-                ln -sf libdl.so.1 libdl.so
-
-        On some systems (depending on your GCC configuration) it may be
-        necessary to do:
-
-                cd /usr/lib
-                ln -sf /lib/libdl.so .
-
-        Finally
-
-                ldconfig
-
-
-1.5)    My compile of the backend dies complaining about the include file 
-        dlfcn.h missing
-
-        See the answer to question 1.3/1.4. Don't forget that if you are using
-        an a.out system you must first have installed the dld package
-        (which is not supplied with most a.out systems) to have dlfcn.h
-        at all. See Question 1.11.
-
-
-1.6)    GCC complains about an ignored option -fpic
-
-        Earlier versions of GCC accepted either -fpic or -fPIC.
-        It appears that more recent versions (V2.7.2?) require -fPIC. 
-        If you are using an ELF version of Linux, this can safely be 
-        ignored as -fPIC is the default.
-
-        You can correct this by editing src/Makefile.global and 
-        changing CFLAGS_SL
-
-
-1.7)    I get warnings of the form 
-        warning: cast from pointer to integer of different size
-
-        These were seen in earlier versions of Postgres95 and could
-        safely be ignored. PostgreSQL V6.0 should compile with no warnings
-        except those related to system header files (which can also
-        be safely ignored).
-
-1.8)    [SuSE-Linux 4.2] Where is curses and termcap?
-
-        SuSE-Linux has ncurses but not curses. Set the value of CURSES_LIB
-        in src/Makefile.custom to -lncurses (or do this through the
-        customize script).
-
-        SuSE-Linux has the termcap library is in /usr/lib/termcap instead of 
-        in /usr/lib. If you have a problem, you need to add the following 
-        line to src/Makefile.custom:
-
-                LDADD_BE+= -L/usr/lib/termcap
-
-        You may need to edit src/bin/psql/Makefile and comment out the
-        change:
-                ifeq ($(PORTNAME), linux)
-                   LD_ADD+= -ltermcap
-        to:
-                ifeq ($(PORTNAME), linux)
-                   LD_ADD+=
-
-
-
-1.9)    Why do I get problems with ld.so?
-
-        If you get problems with ld.so, another library required under
-        ELF for dynamic loading, then you have messed up your installation
-        or (more likely) upgrade of Linux.
-
-        See the answers to Question 1.3/1.4. You may need to install
-        ld.so.x.y.z in /lib and run ldconfig.
-
-        The most recent stable release of the ld package is 1.7.14
-        At the time of writing, 1.8.x versions of ld are experimental.
-
-1.10)   Why do I get `yy_flush_buffer undefined' errors?
-
-        This isn't really Linux specific, but is common on older Linux
-        installations. You must have a recent version of flex (2.5.2 or later)
-        to compile PostgreSQL. Note that flex 2.5.3 has a bug: see
-        Question 3.4.
-
-1.11)   How do I compile PostgreSQL on an a.out system?
-
-        First, you must install the dld library. This may be obtained
-        from Sunsite as:
-        Linux/libs/dld.3.2.7.tar.gz
-
-        Second, add the following line to src/Makefile.custom:
-                LINUX_ELF=
-        (or use the customize script)
-
-1.12)   Why does make fail with:
-        yacc -d /disk2/PostgreSQL/src/backend/parser/gram.y
-        make: /usr/bin/make: cannot execute binary file
-
-        This was a problem in earlier versions of Postgres95. The default
-        for PostgreSQL is to use bison -y rather than yacc.
-
-        yacc is generally implemented as a script which invokes bison -y
-        For some reason (certain versions of make? certain versions of 
-        bash?) make is unable to execute this script file.
-
-        To correct this, simply edit src/mk/port/postgres.mk.linux
-        and, at the end of the file, change:
-                # YACC = bison -y
-        to
-                YACC = bison -y
-
-1.13)   What are the references in X11_LIB to libsocket and libnsl in
-        src/Makefile.global?
-
-        This was a problem in 1.08 (they are Sun Solaris specific). 
-        It is fixed in 1.09 and 6.0
-
-1.14)   [DEBIAN] Where is libtermcap?
-
-        Debian Linux comes without the termcap library and uses ncurses
-        (which uses terminfo instead). There is no need to change the 
-        CURSES_LIB variable in src/bin/psql/Makefile since Debian provides 
-        a link from libncurses to libcurses (unlike SuSE-Linux --- see
-        Question 1.8).
-
-        You may need to edit src/bin/psql/Makefile and comment out the
-        change:
-                ifeq ($(PORTNAME), linux)
-                   LD_ADD+= -ltermcap
-        to:
-                ifeq ($(PORTNAME), linux)
-                   LD_ADD+=
-
-
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
-Section 2:      Compiling accessory programs
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-2.1)    The linker fails to find libX11 when compiling pgtclsh
-
-        Add the following to src/Makefile.custom
-                X11_LIBDIR = /usr/X11R6/lib
-
-
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
-Section 3:      Runtime Problems
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-3.1)    I get an error reporting _fUnKy_POSTPORT_sTuFf_ undefined when 
-        running scripts like createuser
-
-        This is a bug in V1.06-V1.07 of Postgres and is fixed in V1.08
-        and above.
-
-3.2)    I run postmaster and after that system says 'Bad system call(Core 
-        dumped)'
-
-        This indicates that you have not compiled shared memory support 
-        into your kernel. You need to recompile the Linux kernel to add this 
-        feature.
-
-
-3.3)    When I try to start the Postmaster, why do I get an error of the form
-        Failed Assertion("!(file != 0):(null)", File: 
-        "/usr/local/PostgreSQL/src/backend/storage/file/fd.c", Line: 257)
-        !(file != 0) (0)
-        initdb: could not create template database
-        initdb: cleaning up.
-
-        Your permissions on the file /dev/null are wrong. 
-
-        ls -l /dev/null should give you something like:
-
-                crw-rw-rw-  1 root  wheel    2,   2 Oct  8 18:41 /dev/null
-
-        Correct the permissions using:
-
-                chmod a+rw /dev/null
-
-3.4)    Why doesn't createuser work?
-
-        There is a problem with Version 2.5.3 of GNU flex and createuser. 
-        Your options are to downgrade flex to V2.5.2, apply a patch to
-        V2.5.3 (supplied in doc/README.flex) or wait for V2.5.4 which 
-        will fix the bug.
-
-3.5)    Why do I get an error like:
-        IpcMemoryCreate: memKey=155356396 , size=760632 ,
-        permission=384IpcMemoryCreate: shmget(..., create, ...)
-        failed: Invalid argument
-
-        You haven't build IPC support into your Linux kernel. You
-        will have to rebuild the kernel and switch on this option.
-
-3.6)    Why does psql fail with:
-        psql: can't load library 'libpq.so.1'
-
-	Psql has been compiled to link dynamically with the libpq
-	library.
-
-	To solve this, you should log in as root and edit the file
-		/etc/ld.so.conf
-	Add a single line at the end which gives the name of the
-	PostgreSQL library directory (the lib subdirectory of your
-	PostgreSQL installation) and run
-		/sbin/ldconfig
-