diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'src/man/postmaster.1')
| -rw-r--r-- | src/man/postmaster.1 | 358 |
1 files changed, 0 insertions, 358 deletions
diff --git a/src/man/postmaster.1 b/src/man/postmaster.1 deleted file mode 100644 index 3849a854f9..0000000000 --- a/src/man/postmaster.1 +++ /dev/null @@ -1,358 +0,0 @@ -.\" This is -*-nroff-*- -.\" XXX standard disclaimer belongs here.... -.\" $Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/src/man/Attic/postmaster.1,v 1.17 1999/05/22 17:47:48 tgl Exp $ -.TH POSTMASTER UNIX 05/19/99 PostgreSQL PostgreSQL -.SH "NAME" -postmaster - run the Postgres postmaster -.SH "SYNOPSIS" -.BR "postmaster" -[\c -.BR "-B" -n_buffers] -[\c -.BR "-D" -data_dir] -[\c -.BR "-N" -n_backends] -.br -.in +5n -[\c -.BR "-S" \c -] -[\c -.BR "-a" -system] -[\c -.BR "-b" -backend_pathname] -[\c -.BR "-d" -[debug_level]] -[\c -.BR "-i" \c -] -[\c -.BR "-n" \c -] -[\c -.BR "-o" -backend_options] -[\c -.BR "-p" -port] -[\c -.BR "-s" \c -] -.in -5n -.SH "DESCRIPTION" -The -.IR "postmaster" -manages the communication between frontend and backend processes, as -well as allocating the shared buffer pool and SysV semaphores -(on machines without a test-and-set instruction). The -.IR postmaster -does not itself interact with the user and should be started as a -background process. -.PP -.BR "Only one postmaster should be running at a time in a given -Postgres installation." -Here, an installation means a database directory and postmaster port number. -You can run more than one postmaster on a machine only if each one has a -separate directory and port number. -.PP -The -.IR "postmaster" -understands the following command-line options: -.TP 5n -.BR "-B" " n_buffers" -.IR "n_buffers" -is the number of shared-memory buffers for the -.IR "postmaster" -to allocate and manage for the backend server processes that it -starts. This value defaults to 64 buffers, where each buffer is 8k bytes -(or whatever BLCKSZ is set to in config.h). -.TP -.BR "-D" " data_dir" -Specifies the directory to use as the root of the tree of database -directories. If -D is not given, the default data directory name is -the value of the environment variable -.SM PGDATA. -If -.SM PGDATA -is not set, then the directory used is -.SM $POSTGRESHOME\c -/data. If neither environment variable is set and this command-line -option is not specified, the default directory that was -set at compile-time is used. -.TP -.BR "-N" " n_backends" -.IR "n_backends" -is the maximum number of backend server processes that this postmaster -is allowed to start. In the stock configuration, this value defaults -to 32, and can be set as high as 1024 if your system will support that -many processes. Both the default and upper limit values can be altered -when building Postgres (see src/include/config.h). -.TP -.BR "-S" -Specifies that the -.IR "postmaster" -process should start up in silent mode. That is, it will disassociate -from the user's (controlling) tty and start its own process group. -This should not be used in combination with debugging options because -any messages printed to standard output and standard error are -discarded. -.TP -.BR "-a" " system" -Specifies whether or not to use the authentication system -.IR "system" -for frontend applications to use in connecting to the -.IR postmaster -process. Specify -.IR "system" -to enable a system, or -.BI "no" "system" -to disable a system. For example, to permit users to use -.IR Kerberos -authentication, use -.BR "-a kerberos" ; -to deny any unauthenticated -connections, use -.BR "-a nounauth . -This option no longer has any effect! The pg_hba.conf configuration -file now controls authentication. -.TP -.BR "-b" " backend_pathname" -.IR "backend_pathname" -is the full pathname of the Postgres backend server executable file that -the -.IR "postmaster" -will invoke when it receives a connection from a frontend application. -If this option is not used, then the -.IR postmaster -tries to find this executable file in the directory in which its own -executable is located (this is done by looking at the pathname under -which the -.IR "postmaster" -was invoked. If no pathname was specified, then the -.SM PATH -environment variable is searched for an executable named -\*(lqpostgres\*(rq). -This option is also obsolete, since the postmaster and backend are now -a single executable --- the postmaster forks a backend but does not do -an exec. -.TP -.BR "-d" " [debug_level]" -The optional argument -.IR debug_level -determines the amount of debugging output the backend servers will -produce. -If -.I debug_level -is one, the postmaster will trace all connection traffic, -and nothing else. -For levels two and higher, -debugging is turned on in the backend process and the postmaster -displays more information, -including the backend environment and process traffic. -Note that if no file is specified for backend servers to -send their debugging output then this output will appear on the -controlling tty of their parent -.IR postmaster . -.TP -.BR "-i" -This enables TCP/IP or Internet domain socket communication. -Without this option, only local Unix domain socket communication is -possible. -.TP -.BR "-n" ", " "-s" -The -.IR "-s" " and " "-n" -options control the behavior of the -.IR "postmaster" -when a backend dies abnormally. \fBNeither option is intended for use in -ordinary operation\fP. -.IP -The ordinary strategy for this situation is to notify all other -backends that they must terminate and then reinitialize the shared -memory and semaphores. This is because an errant backend could have -corrupted some shared state before terminating. -.IP -If the -.IR "-s" -option is supplied, then the -.IR "postmaster" -will stop all other backend processes by sending the signal -.SM SIGSTOP, -but will not cause them to terminate. This permits system programmers -to collect core dumps from all backend processes by hand. -.IP -If the -.IR "-n" -option is supplied, then the -.IR "postmaster" -does not reinitialize shared data structures. A knowledgable system -programmer can then use the -.IR shmemdoc -program to examine shared memory and semaphore state. -.TP -.BR "-o" " backend_options" -The -.IR postgres(1) -options specified in -.IR "backend_options" -are passed to all backend server processes started by this -.IR postmaster . -If the option string contains any spaces, the entire string must be -quoted. -.TP -.BR "-p" " port" -Specifies the TCP/IP port or local Unix domain socket file extension -on which the -.IR postmaster -is to listen for connections from frontend applications. Defaults to -the value of the -.SM PGPORT -environment variable, or if -.SM PGPORT -is not set, then the default value established when Postgres was -compiled (normally 5432). If you specify a port other than the -default port then all frontend application users must specify the same -port (using command-line options or -.SM PGPORT\c -) when starting any libpq application, including psql. -.SH "WARNINGS" -If at all possible, -.BR "do not" -use -.SM SIGKILL -when killing the -.IR "postmaster" "." -.SM SIGHUP, -.SM SIGINT, -or -.SM SIGTERM -(the default signal for -.IR "kill" "(1))" -should be used instead. Hence, avoid -.nf -kill -KILL -.fi -or its alternative form -.nf -kill -9 -.fi -as this will prevent the -.IR postmaster -from freeing the system resources (e.g., shared memory and semaphores) -that it holds before dying. This prevents you from having to deal with -the problem with -.IR shmat(2) -described below. -.SH "EXAMPLES" -.nf - -# start postmaster using default values -nohup postmaster >logfile 2>&1 & - -.fi -This command will start up -.IR "postmaster" -on the default port (5432) and will search -.SM $PATH -to find an executable file called \*(lqpostgres\*(rq. This is the -simplest and most common way to start the -.IR "postmaster" . -.nf - -# start with specific port and executable name -nohup postmaster -p 1234 -b /usr/postgres/bin/postgres & - -.fi -This command will start up a -.IR "postmaster" -communicating through the port 1234, and will attempt to use the -backend located at \*(lq/usr/postgres/bin/postgres\*(rq. In order to -connect to this -.IR "postmaster" -using psql, you would need to either -specify -.BR "-p 1234" -on the -.IR "psql" -command-line or set the environment variable -.SM PGPORT -to 1234. -.SH "SEE ALSO" -ipcs(1), -ipcrm(1), -ipcclean(1), -psql(1), -postgres(1), -.SH "DIAGNOSTICS" -.TP -.BR "FindBackend: could not find a backend to execute..." -If you see this message, you do not have the -.IR "postgres" -executable in your path. Add the directory in which postgres resides to -your path. -.TP -.BR "semget: No space left on device" -If you see this message, you should run the -.IR "ipcclean" -command. After doing this, try starting the -.IR "postmaster" -again. If this still doesn't work, you probably need to configure -your kernel for shared memory and semaphores as described in the -installation notes. If you run multiple -.IR postmaster s -on a single host, or have a kernel with particularly small shared memory -and/or semaphore limits, you may have to reconfigure your kernel to increase -its shared memory or semaphore parameters. (You may be able to postpone -reconfiguring your kernel by reducing -B to reduce Postgres' shared memory -consumption, or by reducing -N to reduce Postgres' semaphore consumption.) -.TP -.BR "StreamServerPort: cannot bind to port" -If you see this message, you should be certain that there is no other -.IR "postmaster" -process already running. The easiest way to determine this is by -using the command -.nf -ps -ax | grep postmaster -.fi -on BSD-based systems -.nf -ps -e | grep postmast -.fi -(the equivalent syntax is on System V-like or POSIX-compliant systems such as HP-UX). If you -are sure that no other -.IR "postmaster" -processes are running and you still get this error, try specifying a -different port using the -.BR "-p" -option. You may also get this error if you terminate the -.IR "postmaster" -and immediately restart it using the same port; in this case, you must -simply wait a few seconds until the operating system closes the port -before trying again. Finally, you may get this error if you specify -a port number that your operating system considers to be reserved. -For example, many versions of Unix consider port numbers under 1024 to -be \*(lqtrusted\*(rq and only permit the Unix superuser to access them. -.TP -.BR "IpcMemoryAttach: shmat() failed: Permission denied" -A likely explanation is that another user attempted to start a -.IR "postmaster" -process on the same port which acquired shared resources and then -died. Since Postgres shared memory keys are based on the port number -assigned to the -.IR "postmaster" , -such conflicts are likely if there is more than one installation on -a single host. If there are no other -.IR "postmaster" -processes currently running (see above), run -.IR "ipcclean" -and try again. If other -.IR "postmaster" s -are running, you will have to find the owners of those processes to -coordinate the assignment of port numbers and/or removal of unused -shared memory segments. |