Python：通过socket.gethostbyname/socket.getaddrinfo获取域名的ip地址

gethostbyname

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import socket

ip = socket.gethostbyname("www.baidu.com")
print(ip)
# 39.156.66.14

getaddrinfo

文档

• https://docs.python.org/3/library/socket.html#socket.getaddrinfo

函数签名

socket.getaddrinfo(host, port, family=0, type=0, proto=0, flags=0)

返回数据格式5元组

(family, type, proto, canonname, sockaddr)

示例1

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import socket

address_info = socket.getaddrinfo("www.baidu.com", None)
ip = address_info[0][-1][0]

print(ip)
# 39.156.66.14

示例2

import socket

ret = socket.getaddrinfo("www.baidu.com", port=443)

for item in ret:
    print(item)

返回数据

(<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, <SocketKind.SOCK_DGRAM: 2>, 17, '', ('220.181.38.149', 443))
(<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, <SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM: 1>, 6, '', ('220.181.38.149', 443))
(<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, <SocketKind.SOCK_DGRAM: 2>, 17, '', ('220.181.38.150', 443))
(<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, <SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM: 1>, 6, '', ('220.181.38.150', 443))

参数说明

AF_INET = 2     # IPv4
AF_INET6 = 30   # IPv6

SOCK_STREAM = 1
SOCK_DGRAM = 2

IPPROTO_TCP = 6
IPPROTO_UDP = 17

需要注意的是：Python2版本中，不支持关键字参数，仅支持位置参数