Python 之程序截图的几种方式（含chromedriver下载链接）

各个版本的谷歌 chromedirver 百度云盘链接

链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/19R7HE-O6EH8ZHAQE-toerw?pwd=myvc 
提取码：myvc 
--来自百度网盘超级会员V7的分享

pywin32 + PyQt5

需要先 pip 安装 pywin32、PyQt5 ，相关依赖 pip 会自动安装。

pip install pywin32
pip install PyQt5

下面这种方式比较强悍，可以根据活跃窗口的 title 名称，自动找到对应的窗口然后进行截图。

import sys

import win32gui
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication


class Window(object):
    def __init__(self, hwnd):
        self.hwnd = hwnd
        self.window_title = win32gui.GetWindowText(hwnd)
        self.window_class_name = win32gui.GetClassName(hwnd)
        self.window_rect = win32gui.GetWindowRect(hwnd)

    def __str__(self):
        return f"hwnd: {self.hwnd}, window_title: {self.window_title}, window_class_name: {self.window_class_name}, window_rect: {self.window_rect}"


class WindowsHandler(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.current_windows = []
        self._init_all_windows()

    def _init_all_windows(self):
        win32gui.EnumWindows(self._get_window, 0)

    def _get_window(self, hwnd, nouse):
        if win32gui.IsWindow(hwnd) and win32gui.IsWindowEnabled(hwnd) and win32gui.IsWindowVisible(hwnd):
            self.current_windows.append(Window(hwnd))

    def get_windows_by_title(self, title_name):
        return [window for window in self.current_windows if title_name in window.window_title]

    def screenshot_window_byPyQt(self, window: Window, img_save_path):
        app = QApplication(sys.argv)
        screen = QApplication.primaryScreen()
        img = screen.grabWindow(window.hwnd).toImage()
        img.save(img_save_path)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    wh = WindowsHandler()
    windows = wh.get_windows_by_title("Looooking")
    if windows:
        window = windows[0]
        print(window)
        wh.screenshot_window_byPyQt(window, "./test.png")

pygetwindow + PIL

这种方式需要向激活窗口，让窗口处于最顶端然后进行截图。

import pygetwindow as gw
from PIL import ImageGrab

if __name__ == '__main__':
    windows = gw.getWindowsWithTitle("Looooking")
    for window in windows:
        print(window)
        window.activate()  # 激活窗口，将窗口置顶
        box = window._getWindowRect()
        screenshot = ImageGrab.grab(box)
        screenshot.save('test.png')  # 保存截图到文件
        break

pyautogui

安装好 pyautogui 库就好了，这个库主要用于鼠标键盘模拟操作，当然屏幕截图也是手到擒来。

只不过这种方式除了全屏截图之外，其他只能使用像素点去截图，而且只能截取置顶的界面。

import pyautogui

if __name__ == '__main__':
    screenshot = pyautogui.screenshot()  # 截全屏
    screenshot.save("full.png")
    # screenshot = pyautogui.screenshot(region=(100, 100, 500, 500))  # 截图指定区域部分
    # screenshot.save("part.png")
    windows = pyautogui.getWindowsWithTitle("Looooking")
    for window in windows:
        window.activate()
        screenshot = pyautogui.screenshot(region=window._getWindowRect())
        screenshot.save("part.png")
        break

selenium

chromedriver（114 及以前的旧版）: CNPM Binaries Mirror

chromedriver（115 及之后的新版）：百度网盘链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1yk6js4yz_NBzXAp71ZIOzA?pwd=2vo3提取码：2vo3

还可以使用 selenium 对打开的浏览器窗口截图，selenium可以将打开的页面进行截图，但是无法截取url等更大的范围。

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

if __name__ == '__main__':
    options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
    service = webdriver.ChromeService(executable_path=r"./driver/chromedriver.exe")
    driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options, service=service)
    driver.implicitly_wait(3)
    driver.maximize_window()

    driver.get('https://www.baidu.com/s')
    xpath_input = '//*[@id="kw"]'  # 搜索框
    xpath_search = '//*[@id="su"]'  # 搜索按钮
    ele_input = driver.find_element(By.XPATH, xpath_input)
    ele_input.clear()
    ele_input.send_keys("百度")
    driver.find_element(By.XPATH, xpath_search).click()
    WebDriverWait(driver, 3).until(EC.presence_of_all_elements_located((By.XPATH, '//*[@id="page"]/div/strong/span')))
    driver.save_screenshot("./test.png")
    driver.quit()