11月考期PMP冲刺题--复盘

1、 [单选] 一个团队注意到两个不同的原型中存在标签错误,这个错误导致需要为每个原型应用不同的破坏性测试计划,这使团队士气下降。项目负责人应该怎么做?

  •  A:在下一个冲刺中引导团队,以防止类似问题的发生。Guide the team in the next sprint to prevent similar issues from arising.
  •  B:影响干系人以支持团队在一定范围内进行恢复。Influence stakeholders to support the team's recovery within a certain scope.
  •  C:请专业主题专家(SMES)为团队提供指导。Invite Subject Matter Experts (SMEs) to provide guidance to the team.
  •  D:利用成本和时间的备用计划来减轻对项目基准的影响。Utilize contingency plans for cost and time to mitigate the impact on the project's baselines.

正确答案:B 你的答案:D

解析:复杂场景题-题干绕难理解。选项B最佳,既考虑到当前的困境,也提出了解决方案的一部分,相对全面。选项A,关注于预防未来问题,但它没有直接解决当前士气下降和需要执行不同测试计划的问题;选项C,有助于解决技术问题但不解决士气问题;选项D,与题干问题不相干。

2、 [单选] 一个维护项目的项目经理有一个每年更新一次的合同。这个项目开始于6年前。在今年的合同续签后,审计师报告称,该版本的合同违反了去年通过的一项新法律。在这种情况下发生了什么? A project manager for a maintenance project has a contract that is renewed annually. The project started 6 years ago. After contract renewal this year the auditors reported that this version of the contract violates a new law that was passed last year. What has happened in this situation?

  •  A:本合同未经项目组适当评审The contract has not been appropriately reviewed by the project team
  •  B:干系人的参与计划还没有得到正确的实施The stakeholder engagement plan has not been correctly implemented
  •  C:法律部门并没有正确地向所有工作人员传播该法律The legal department has not disseminated the law correctly to all staff
  •  D:项目经理对这个法律问题了解不够The project manager does not have enough knowledge on this legal matter

正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:在年度合同续签的时候,应当查询是否存在有外部业务环境(例如法规、技术、地理区域政治、市场)等的变化,合同拟定完成后,应当由项目组针对存在相关变化处加以评审。

3、 [单选] 项目经理被分配到一个新项目。项目的进度非常紧张。在一个迭代评审会议中,关键干系人提到他们在工作流程中遇到了一些低效问题。项目经理应该做什么?A project manager has been assigned to a new project. The project schedule is extremely short. During an iteration review meeting, the key stakeholder mentions that they are experiencing some inefficiencies in their work processes. What should the project manager do?

  •  A:与团队进行进度影响分析。Perform a schedule impact analysis with the team.
  •  B:要求团队评估他们的流程。Ask the team to evaluate their process.
  •  C:与关键干系人审查可交付物。Review deliverables with the key stakeholder.
  •  D:寻求项目发起人的支持。Seek support from the project sponsor.

正确答案:C 你的答案:A

解析:敏捷实践指南,5.2.5-展示/评审。

迭代评审会议:

主要关注展示和讨论迭代中已完成的可交付物,并收集干系人对这些可交付物的反馈

团队进行进度影响分析:

这个问题可以在后续的回顾会议中进一步讨论。

评估流程:

可以在评审会议结束之后进行。

4、 [单选] 一名项目经理接手了一个建造新太阳能的农场项目,这个农场会为一个新住宅区提供清洁能源。政府已经决定从1月1日起降低对可再生能源产品的税收。供应商已经联系并表示,将于12月20日交付的太阳能电池板的订单可能会推迟到1月初。另一方面,由于12月的假期,该项目也将面临类似的限制。项目经理应该如何应对这种风险? A project manager has been assigned a project to build a new solar farm that will provide clean energy to a new housing complex. The government has decided to reduce the tax on renewable energy products starting 1 January. The supplier has reached out and stated that the order placed for solar panels to be delivered on 20 December might be delayed until early January. On the other hand, the project will face similar constraints due to the December holidays. What should the project manager do about this risk?

  •  A:评审供应商的合同,了解销售条款 Review the supplier's contract to understand the terms of sale
  •  B:坚持要求供应商在约定的日期交货 Insist that the supplier deliver the goods on the agreed date
  •  C:更新风险登记册并利用此机会 Update the risk register and take advantage of the opportunity
  •  D:接受风险,并更新风险登记册 Accept the risk and update the risk register

正确答案:C 你的答案:C

规划、识别风险、应对风险。

解析:考点:风险管理 来源:PMBOK 6th,11.5规划风险应对,P438 描述:规划风险应对是为处理整体项目风险敞口,以及应对单个项目风险,而制定可选方案、选择应对策略并商定应对行动的过程。 这个题目中存在3个风险: 1.供应商可能会推迟交付太阳能电池板的订单; 2.由于12月的假期,项目将面临时间限制; 3.政府已经决定从1月1日起降低对可再生能源产品的税收。 1和2属于威胁,记录风险以及应对措施,3属于机会,机会需要采取提高和开拓。

5、 [单选] 一个项目团队正在远程制定解决方案。客户希望尽快得到解决方案,但由于团队成员没有集中办公,因此感到不舒服。此外,客户对项目背景和团队决策过程的理解表示担忧。项目经理应该做什么?A project team is remotely developing a solution. The customer hopes to get a solution as soon as possible, but feels uncomfortable because team members are not working in a centralized office. In addition, the client expressed concerns about their understanding of the project background and team decision-making process. What should a project manager do?

  •  A:更新沟通管理计划,以满足客户要求Update the communications management plan to satisfy the client's request
  •  B:要求客户参加与项目组的日常会议Request the client to attend the daily meetings with the project team
  •  C:鼓励客户与项目协作平台互动Encourage the client to interact with the project collaboration platform
  •  D:要求产品负责人经常与干系人沟通Ask the product owner to frequently communicate with the stakeholders

正确答案:C 你的答案:A

解析:由题干可知,项目团队为虚拟团队,C选项最佳,通过项目协作平台,客户可以实时查看项目进展、决策过程和相关文档,从而增强对项目的理解和信任,同时这也有助于缓解团队成员因远程工作带来的不适,因为他们可以在平台上更高效地协作。A选项虽然提到了更新沟通管理计划,但并未具体说明如何更新以满足客户对决策过程和项目背景的理解需求;B做法对于客户来说可能并不高效,也可能给项目团队带来额外的压力;D选项仅仅依靠产品负责人与干系人的沟通可能也无法直接解决问题。

6、 [单选] 敏捷项目正在运行六个迭代中的第二个。一个没有敏捷经验的新团队成员刚刚加入团队。在每日会议中,项目经理发现团队在实现目标时遇到问题。项目经理应该怎么做?An agile project is running its second of six iterations. One new team member who does not have agile experience has just joined the team. In the daily meetings, the project manager observes that the team is having problems meeting their goals. What should the project manager do?

  •  A:向团队提供反馈,并召开会议审查团队规则。Provide feedback to the team and hold a meeting to review team rules.
  •  B:向团队提供反馈,并召开回顾会议,找出根本原因。Provide feedback to the team and conduct a retrospective meeting to find a root cause.
  •  C:向团队提供反馈,并要求对新成员进行敏捷培训。Provide feedback to the team and request agile training for the new member.
  •  D:向团队提供反馈,并指导新的团队成员使用敏捷方法论。Provide feedback to the team and coach the new team member in agile methodology.

正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:根据题干可知,是一个不懂敏捷的新人导致的团队问题,根本原因清晰,这时项目经理提供反馈,让自组织团队处理即可,最多是给新成员提供下指导,D选项最佳。B选项,正处于冲刺中召开站会,突然就要开回顾会议不合适,且找出根本原因不需要开回顾会议。

7、 [单选] 一位首席执行官要求项目经理为一个将在4年时间内执行的长期项目提供预算估算。项目经理应该怎么做?A CEO has requested that the project manager provide a budget estimate for a long-term project that will be executed over the span of 4 years. What should the project manager do?

  •  A:包括企业环境因素(EEFs)Include enterprise environmental factors (EEFs)
  •  B:进行自下而上的估算Conduct a bottom-up estimate
  •  C:包括预计的通货膨胀率Include projected inflation rates
  •  D:进行类比估算Conduct an analogous estimate

正确答案:C 你的答案:D

解析:关键词“将在4年时间内执行的长期项目”,对于长期项目,项目经理首先要考虑包括通货膨胀率,例如设备、人工和材料的成本可能会随着时间的推移而增加,这最终会影响到项目的成本,概念题选准,谁小选谁,选项C正确

8、 [单选] 一些正在开发新软件工具的团队成员在公共场所,为正在编码的新功能而争论,而不是完成编码。项目经理应该如何处理这种情况并让团队完成任务? Some of the team members who are working on a new software tool are in a public space, arguing over a new feature being coded instead of completing the coding. How should the project manager handle this situation and get the team to complete the task?

  •  A:联系人力资源部,告诉他们在公共场所发生了争吵,他们需要立即介入。Contact the human resources (HR) department to tell them there is an argument in a public space and that they need to intervene immediately.
  •  B:在公共空间进行对话,告诉他们对该功能的期望,并建议他们返回工作区。Engage in the conversation in the public space by telling them the expectations of the feature and advise them to return to their workspace.
  •  C:倾听附近地点的争论,了解情况,然后在团队平静时深入了解情况。Listen to the argument from a nearby location to understand the situation, then offer insight into the features when the team is calm.
  •  D:将团队成员带到会议室讨论新功能,并对必要的编码达成共识。Bring the team members to the meeting room to discuss the new feature and to reach a common understanding of the necessary coding.

正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:考点:冲突管理 来源:PMBOK6th,9.5.2.1-人际关系与团队技能,冲突管理 冲突升级,项目经理应促进达成满意的解决方案,并尽量私下解决冲突。D选项符合人员的目标,即识别并解决冲突,并促进协作和沟通。

9、 [单选] 这个项目处于执行阶段,是一个大型变革计划的一部分。该项目的项目经理向一个项目集经理报告,并且同时负责该项目的指导委员会。在接下来的两周内,将召开一个指导委员会会议,会议中将介绍迄今为止测量该项目进度绩效的方法。项目经理在为这次会议做准备时应该怎么做?A project in the execution phase is part of a large transformation program. The project manager for this project reports to a program manager and also heads the steering committee for this project. A steering committee meeting will be held in the following 2 weeks, during which the approach to measure the schedule performance of the project thus far will be presented.What should the project manager do in preparation for this meeting?

  •  A:准备演示成本效益比、业务价值和投资回报率(ROI)作为进度绩效指标。Prepare to demonstrate the cost-benefit ratio, business value, and return on investment (ROI) as the schedule performance metrics.
  •  B:更新成本绩效指数(CPI)和进度绩效指数(SPI)以衡量项目的绩效。Update the cost performance index (CPI) and schedule performance index (SPI) to measure the performance of the project.
  •  C:准备解释正在使用的进度绩效指数(SPl)、进度偏差(SV)和其他绩效指标。Prepare to explain that the schedule performance index (SPI), schedule variance (SV),and other performance metrics are being used.
  •  D:通知项目集经理,项目正在使用敏捷方法,进度绩效指标不适用。Inform the program manager that the project is using an agile approach and schedule performance metrics are not applicable.

正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:PMBOK 6th,7.4.2.2-数据分析,P263。题干关键词“介绍迄今为止测量该项目进度绩效的方法”,SPI和SV是常用的衡量项目进度绩效的指标,选C。选项B,CPI专注于成本绩效,不是进度绩效的直接衡量工具。

10、 [单选] 项目发起人发来一封重要邮件,要求立即优先处理一个待办事项。此时看板上还有很多任务未完成,项目经理应该怎么做?An important email from a project sponsor states that a backlog item should be immediately prioritized. What should the project manager do with many tasks still open on the Kanban board?

  •  A:立即分解该事项并开始工作。 Decompose the item immediately and begin work.
  •  B:与团队讨论开始处理该事项的影响。 Discuss the impact of starting the item with the team.
  •  C:完成正在进行的小任务后再分解该事项。Finish the small tasks in progress before decomposing the item.
  •  D:向项目发起人沟通该决定的影响。Communicate the impact with the project sponsor.

正确答案:B 你的答案:A

看板:这是敏捷项目,自组织团队。

向项目发起人沟通应该在和团队沟通之后。

解析:选B,当收到发起人要求立即优先处理某个待办事项时,项目经理应该首先与团队讨论这个新任务的影响。敏捷项目管理强调团队协作和共识决策,与团队讨论可以确保大家了解该任务的紧急性,并共同评估对当前工作的影响。这样可以避免打乱当前的工作节奏,同时确保团队对优先事项有一致的理解,并找到最佳的处理方式。选项D在B之后。

11、 [单选] 让一个组织走上向敏捷方法转变思维的正确道路的正确方法是什么?What is the correct way to put an organization on the proper path to changing their mindset to an agile approach?

  •  A:雇佣擅长敏捷方法的员工,让他们更好地为项目做出贡献。Hire employees who specialize in agile approaches so they can better contribute to projects.
  •  B:分配员工参与敏捷项目,这样他们就能快速适应新方法。Assign employees to agile projects so they can quickly adjust to the new approach.
  •  C:培训所有员工使用敏捷方法。Train all employees in agile approaches.
  •  D:改变公司看待、审查和评估员工的方式。Shift the way the company views, reviews, and assesses employees.

正确答案:D 你的答案:A

解析:选D,向敏捷方法的过渡不仅仅是采用新的项目管理技术,它涉及到组织文化和思维方式的根本转变,这包括组织如何查看、审查和评估其员工。应该鼓励员工采用敏捷的价值观和原则,比如协作、以客户为中心,适应性计划和持续改进,绩效审查和评估也应该与这些价值观保持一致。选项AB跟组织转变思维没有关系。选项C不是最佳选项,要真正地实现向敏捷方法的转变,需要的不仅仅是教育和培训,还包括更深层次的文化和价值观的改变。

12、 [单选] 一个新的主要道路项目正在启动,承包商已根据合同承诺定期提交状态报告并参加整合会议。在项目生命周期的一半,承包商停止参加会议和提交报告,称这些项目消耗了太多时间。项目经理应该首先做什么? A new major road project is starting, and the contractor has contractually committed to submitting regular status reports and participating in integration meetings. Halfway through the project life cycle, the contractor stops participating in meetings and submitting reports, stating these items consume too much time. What should the project manager do first?

  •  A:评估承包商未参加会议和提交项目其余部分报告的风险,并将其报告给项目发起人 Assess the risk of the contractor not attending meetings and submitting reports for the rest of the project and escalate it to the project sponsor
  •  B:提醒承包商,他们承诺按照合同参加会议并提交报告 Remind the contractor that they committed to attending meetings and submitting reports per the contract
  •  C:提交不符合合同条款的索赔,并按照替代争议解决方案处理索赔Submit a claim for not fulfilling the contract terms and handle the claim in accordance with the alternative dispute resolution
  •  D:与该公司的律师交谈,并要求他们要求承包商履行他们的合同承诺Speak with the company's lawyer and request that they demand the contractor fulfill their contractual commitments

正确答案:B 你的答案:A

解析:考点:协议和合同 来源:PMBOK 7th,4.6.8-协议和合同,P191 描述:协议是定义双方意图的任何文件或沟通结果。在项目中,协议采用的形式有合同或其他已定义的相互谅解。合同是指对双方都有约束力的协议,强制卖方提供规定的产品、服务或结果,以及强制买方支付相应的费用。 合同已承诺,中途又停止,违反合同约定,首先应该做的是沟通提醒承包商按照合同遵照执行。

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