docker系列(9) - docker-compose

9. compose编排

9.1 介绍

多服务部署工具，通过一个docker-compose.yml模板文件，定义一组关联的应用容器为一个项目。
简单来说，就是当我们一个项目有多个服务需要启动时，通过docker-compose直接一键启动，就可以将所有相关的服务同时启动或者停止。

9.2 安装

参考官方安装文档：https://docs.docker.com/compose/install/linux/
以下两种方式都可以：
第一种：包管理器安装

sudo yum install docker-compose-plugin

第二种：手工安装

curl -SL https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/v2.20.3/docker-compose-linux-x86_64 -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

# 通常不需要执行这句
#sudo ln -s /usr/local/bin/docker-compose /usr/bin/docker-compose

#查看版本
docker-compose --version

#卸载方法
sudo rm /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

9.3 compose常用命令

9.4 实战Springboot部署

使用docker-compose来启动springboot项目。
使用到springboot、redis、mysql组件。

9.4.1 准备组件配置文件

9.4.1.1 redis的配置文件

redis配置文件： /docker/redis/redis.conf

# 开启 AOF 持久化
appendonly yes

# 指定 AOF 文件名
appendfilename "appendonly.aof"

# 指定 AOF 文件保存目录
dir /data

# 关闭 RDB 持久化
save ""
# 开启 RDB 持久化
#save 900 1
#save 300 10
#save 60 10000

# 禁用 Redis 的保护模式，允许外部连接
protected-mode no

# 允许其他服务访问
bind 0.0.0.0

# 指定 Redis 监听的端口
port 6379

# 指定日志生成的文件
logfile redis.log

9.4.1.2 MySQL的配置文件

mysql的配置文件：/docker/mysql/conf/my.cnf

[client]

default-character-set=utf8

[mysql]

default-character-set=utf8

[mysqld]

init_connect='SET collation_connection = utf8_unicode_ci'

init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'

character-set-server=utf8

collation-server=utf8_unicode_ci

skip-character-set-client-handshake

skip-name-resolve

9.4.1.3 SpringBoot打包文件

springboot： 使用7.6.3中打包的镜像springboot:1.0
参考本系列连接跳转

9.4.2 准备docker-compose.yml

version: "3"

services: 
  bootService:
    build: .
    image: springboot:1.0
    container_name: springboot
    environment:
      SPRING_PROFILES_ACTIVE: prod
    ports:
      - "9002:9002"
    volumes:
      - /app/microService:/data
    networks:
      - bridge
    depends_on:
      - redis
      - mysql

  redis:
    image: redis:6.2.13
    container_name: redis
    privileged: true
    ports:
      - 6379:6379
    environment:
      - TZ=Asia/Shanghai
      - TAKE_FILE_OWNERSHIP=true
    volumes:
      - /docker/redis/data:/data 
      - /docker/redis/redis.conf:/etc/redis/redis.conf
    networks:
      - bridge
    command: redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf 
  
  mysql:
    image: mysql:5.7
    container_name: mysql
    privileged: true
    ports:
      - "3306:3306"
    networks:
      - bridge
    volumes:
      - /docker/mysql/log:/var/log/mysql 
      - /docker/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql
      - /docker/mysql/conf/:/etc/mysql/conf.d
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: "root"
      MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD: "no"
    command: --default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password #解决外部无法访问

networks:
  bridge: 

9.4.3 启动服务

# 先检查配置是否有异常
docker-compose config -q

# 启动所有容器
#第一次测试可以不使用-d
docker-compose up   

一切正常，转为后台运行

# 先移除所有的
docker-compose down

# 再后台运行
docker-compose up -d

9.4.4 测试验证

Commands:
  build       Build or rebuild services
  config      Parse, resolve and render compose file in canonical format
  cp          Copy files/folders between a service container and the local filesystem
  create      Creates containers for a service.
  down        Stop and remove containers, networks
  events      Receive real time events from containers.
  exec        Execute a command in a running container.
  images      List images used by the created containers
  kill        Force stop service containers.
  logs        View output from containers
  ls          List running compose projects
  pause       Pause services
  port        Print the public port for a port binding.
  ps          List containers
  pull        Pull service images
  push        Push service images
  restart     Restart service containers
  rm          Removes stopped service containers
  run         Run a one-off command on a service.
  start       Start services
  stop        Stop services
  top         Display the running processes
  unpause     Unpause services
  up          Create and start containers
  version     Show the Docker Compose version information
  wait        Block until the first service container stops

例如重启服务：

# 查看服务
docker-compose ls

#重启服务
docker-compose restart bootService

# 启动服务
docker-compose start bootService

# 停止服务
docker-compose stop bootService

9.5 实战Elasticsearch+Kibana案例

9.5.1 准备组件配置文件

9.5.1.1 Elasticsearch配置

配置文件：/docker/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml

network.host: 0.0.0.0
discovery.type: single-node

9.5.1.2 Kibana配置

配置文件: /docker/kibana/config/kibana.yml

server.name: kibana
server.host: "0.0.0.0"
elasticsearch.hosts: [ "http://elasticsearch:9200" ]  #
elasticsearch.username: "admin"
elasticsearch.password: "admin"
i18n.locale: "zh-CN"

[“http://elasticsearch:9200”]这里elasticsearch是指容器的服务名，不设置这个，会导致kibana连接不上elasticsearch。

9.5.2 docker-compose配置

docker-compose.yml

version: '3.3'
services:
  elasticsearch:
    image: elasticsearch:7.17.7    # 使用的镜像名称
    container_name: elasticsearch	# 容器名称
    ports:	# 指定暴露的端口
      - 9200:9200
      - 9300:9300
    environment: 
      - ES_JAVA_OPTS= -Xms2g -Xmx2g # 指定 JVM 内存大小
    volumes:	# 指定挂载目录
      - /docker/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml:/usr/share/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml
      - /docker/elasticsearch/data:/usr/share/elasticsearch/data
      - /docker/elasticsearch/plugins:/usr/share/elasticsearch/plugins
      - /docker/elasticsearch/logs:/usr/share/elasticsearch/logs
    networks:	
       - bridge
  kibana:
    image: kibana:7.17.7
    container_name: kibana
    ports:
     - 5601:5601
    depends_on:	# 服务依赖
      - elasticsearch
    volumes:
      - /docker/kibana/config/kibana.yml:/usr/share/kibana/config/kibana.yml
    networks:
      - bridge
networks:
  bridge:

9.5.3 验证测试

#启动：
docker-compose up -d

# 卸载
docker-compose down

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