部署Django项目Nginx+uwsgi

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最新推荐文章于 2023-11-06 17:58:26 发布

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分类专栏： Django

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/zelinhehe/article/details/81133210

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本文介绍如何在CentOS7上使用Nginx代理和uwsgi应用服务部署Django项目，包括Python3.6、MariaDB、virtualenvwrapper、uwsgi及Nginx的安装配置过程。

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部署方式：Nginx代理+uwsgi应用服务

操作系统：CentOS7

Django项目：https://github.com/zelinhehe/mysite.git为例：

1. 安装 Python3.6

获取安装包

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.2/Python-3.6.2.tgz

tar -xzvf Python-3.6.2.tgz -C /tmp

cd /tmp/Python-3.6.2/

安装到 /usr/local 目录

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make

make altinstall

更改/usr/bin/python链接

ln -s /usr/local/bin/python3.6 /usr/bin/python3

2. MariaDB

安装 sudo yum install mariadb-server

启动 sudo systemctl start mariadb

设置bind-ip

vim /etc/my.cnf 在 [mysqld]下添加

bind-address = 0.0.0.0

设置访问权限
mysql命令直接进入mysql交互环境，运行下面命令:

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' WITH GRANT OPTION;

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' WITH GRANT OPTION;

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

4. 安装virtualenvwrapper

yum install python-setuptools python-devel

pip install virtualenvwrapper

在.bashrc文件中，添加

export WORKON_HOME=$HOME/.virtualenvs

source /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh（此路径可通过 which virtualenvwrapper.sh查看）

重新加载.bashrc文件

source ~/.bashrc

新建虚拟环境 mkvirtualenv mysite-env

进入虚拟环境 workon mysite-env

安装Django项目依赖

在开发环境通过 pip freeze > requirements.txt 将mysite的虚拟环境安装包导出来

在部署服务器的虚拟环境中运行：pip install -r requirements.txt

5. uwsgi

安装

pip install uwsgi

测试uwsgi

uwsgi --http :8000 --module mysite.wsgi

6. Nginx

安装

https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-nginx-on-centos-7

配置

新建mysite_nginx.conf

# the upstream component nginx needs to connect to
upstream django {
# server unix:///path/to/your/mysite/mysite.sock; # for a file socket
server 127.0.0.1:8000; # for a web port socket (we'll use this first)
}
# configuration of the server

server {
# the port your site will be served on
listen      80;
# the domain name it will serve for
server_name 你的ip地址 ; # substitute your machine's IP address or FQDN
charset     utf-8;

# max upload size
client_max_body_size 75M;   # adjust to taste

# Django media
location /media  {
    alias /root/mysite/media;  # 指向django的media目录
}

location /static {
    alias /root/mysite/static; # 指向django的static目录
}

# Finally, send all non-media requests to the Django server.
location / {
    uwsgi_pass  django;
    include     uwsgi_params; # the uwsgi_params file you installed
}
}

将该配置文件加入到nginx的启动配置文件中

sudo ln -s /root/mysite/mysite_nginx.conf /etc/nginx/conf.d/

7. 拉取所有需要的static file 到同一个目录

在django的setting文件中，添加下面一行内容：

STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static/")

运行命令 python manage.py collectstatic

8. 重启Nginx

如果systemctl restart nginx 有权限问题，则直接用nginx命令启动 sudo /usr/sbin/nginx

9. 配置并启动uwsgi

新建uwsgi.ini 配置文件，内容如下：

# mysite_uwsgi.ini file

[uwsgi]

# Django-related settings

# the base directory (full path)

chdir = /root/mysite

# Django's wsgi file

module = mysite.wsgi

# the virtualenv (full path)

virtualenv = /root/.virtualenvs/mysite-env



# process-related settings

# master

master = true

# maximum number of worker processes

processes = 10

# the socket (use the full path to be safe

socket = 127.0.0.1:8000

# ... with appropriate permissions - may be needed

# chmod-socket = 664

# clear environment on exit

vacuum = true



logto = /tmp/mylog.log

注：

chdir：表示需要操作的目录，也就是项目的目录

module： wsgi文件的路径

processes：进程数

virtualenv：虚拟环境的目录

运行uwsgi uwsgi -i /root/mysite/uwsgi.ini &

10.访问

http://{IP}/polls/

Q：

安装mysqlclient出问题

centos 7： yum install python-devel mariadb-devel -y

ubuntu： sudo apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev