@JsonCreator 指定构造方法、工厂方法

@JsonCreator 能够指定反序列化时的构造方法或工厂方法，需要配合 @JsonProperty 使用。这通常用于 JSON 与对象的字段不完全匹配时、不可变对象。有以下规则：

• 当有多个参数时，必须用 @JsonProperty 注解每个参数。
• 只有一个参数时，可以省略 @JsonProperty 。

构造方法

public class JsonCreatorConstructorExample {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        System.out.println("-- writing --");
        Employee employee = new Employee("Trish", "Admin");
        //convert to json
        String jsonString = toJson(employee);
        System.out.println(jsonString);
        System.out.println("-- reading --");
        Employee e = toEmployee(jsonString);
        System.out.println(e);
    }

    private static Employee toEmployee(String jsonData) throws IOException {
        ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper();
        return om.readValue(jsonData, Employee.class);
    }

    private static String toJson(Employee employee) throws IOException {
        ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper();
        return om.writeValueAsString(employee);
    }

    private static class Employee {
        private String name;
        private String dept;

        @JsonCreator
        public Employee(@JsonProperty("name") String name, @JsonProperty("dept") String dept) {
            this.name = name;
            this.dept = dept;
        }

        public String getName() {
            return name;
        }

        public String getDept() {
            return dept;
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "Employee{" +
                    "name='" + name + '\'' +
                    ", dept='" + dept + '\'' +
                    '}';
        }
    }
}

-- writing --
'constructor invoked'
{"name":"Trish","dept":"Admin"}
-- reading --
'constructor invoked'
Employee{name='Trish', dept='Admin'}

工厂方法

public class JsonCreatorFactoryMethodExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        System.out.println("-- writing --");
        Employee employee = Employee.createEmployee("Trish", "Admin");
        //convert to json
        String jsonString = toJson(employee);
        System.out.println(jsonString);

        System.out.println("-- reading --");
        Employee e = toEmployee(jsonString);
        System.out.println(e);
    }

    private static Employee toEmployee(String jsonData) throws IOException {
        ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper();
        return om.readValue(jsonData, Employee.class);
    }

    private static String toJson(Employee employee) throws IOException {
        ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper();
        return om.writeValueAsString(employee);
    }

    private static class Employee {
        private String name;
        private String dept;

        @JsonCreator
        public static Employee createEmployee(@JsonProperty("name") String name,
                                              @JsonProperty("dept") String dept) {
            System.out.println("'factory method invoked'");
            Employee employee = new Employee();
            employee.name = name;
            employee.dept = dept;
            return employee;
        }

        public String getName() {
            return name;
        }

        public String getDept() {
            return dept;
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "Employee{" +
                    "name='" + name + '\'' +
                    ", dept='" + dept + '\'' +
                    '}';
        }
    }
}

-- writing --
'factory method invoked'
{"name":"Trish","dept":"Admin"}
-- reading --
'factory method invoked'
Employee{name='Trish', dept='Admin'}

原文链接

Jackson JSON - Using @JsonCreator to define constructors or factory methods for deserialization.