SQL Server行转列、不确定列的行转列

-- 创建模拟数据
CREATE TABLE #TempSubjectResult
(
StudentName NVARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
StudentSubject NVARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
StudentGrade DECIMAL(4,1) NOT NULL
)
INSERT INTO #TempSubjectResult(StudentName,StudentSubject,StudentGrade) VALUES ('小姚','语文','80')
INSERT INTO #TempSubjectResult(StudentName,StudentSubject,StudentGrade) VALUES ('小姚','数学','70')
INSERT INTO #TempSubjectResult(StudentName,StudentSubject,StudentGrade) VALUES ('小姚','英语','60')
INSERT INTO #TempSubjectResult(StudentName,StudentSubject,StudentGrade) VALUES ('小明','语文','90')
INSERT INTO #TempSubjectResult(StudentName,StudentSubject,StudentGrade) VALUES ('小明','数学','95')
INSERT INTO #TempSubjectResult(StudentName,StudentSubject,StudentGrade) VALUES ('小明','英语','98')

SELECT * FROM #TempSubjectResult

-- 1 Case When普通版
SELECT StudentName 学生名,
       MAX(CASE WHEN StudentSubject='语文' THEN StudentGrade END) 语文,
       MAX(CASE WHEN StudentSubject='数学' THEN StudentGrade END) 数学,
       MAX(CASE WHEN StudentSubject='英语' THEN StudentGrade END) 英语
  FROM #TempSubjectResult
 GROUP BY StudentName

-- 2 PIVOT普通版
SELECT * FROM #TempSubjectResult PIVOT(MAX(StudentGrade) FOR StudentSubject IN([语文],[数学],[英语])) T

-- 3 Case When升级版 动态SQL
DECLARE @SqlText NVARCHAR(4000)='SELECT StudentName ''学生名'', ' -- SQL头部分 SELECT
SELECT @SqlText=@SqlText+' MAX(CASE WHEN StudentSubject='''+StudentSubject+''' THEN StudentGrade END) '''+StudentSubject +''',' FROM (SELECT DISTINCT StudentSubject FROM #TempSubjectResult) T -- 拼接CASE WHEN 
SELECT @SqlText= LEFT(@SqlText,LEN(@SqlText)-1)+' FROM #TempSubjectResult GROUP BY StudentName' -- 拼接 FROM后面部分
PRINT @SqlText
EXEC (@SqlText)

-- 4 PIVOT升级版 动态SQL
DECLARE @SqlSubject NVARCHAR(4000)
SELECT @SqlSubject= STUFF((SELECT ','+'['+StudentSubject+']' FROM (SELECT DISTINCT StudentSubject FROM #TempSubjectResult) T  FOR XML PATH('')),1,1,'') -- 获取PIVOT科目
DECLARE @SqlPIVOT NVARCHAR(4000)='SELECT * FROM #TempSubjectResult PIVOT(MAX(StudentGrade) FOR StudentSubject IN('+@SqlSubject+')) T' -- 拼接PIVOT
PRINT @SqlPIVOT
EXEC (@SqlPIVOT)
DROP TABLE #TempSubjectResult