QPS、TPS、RT

### 电商系统中QPS、TPS和RT定义解释 #### QPS (Queries Per Second) QPS表示每秒钟的查询次数，即系统在一秒钟内能够处理的最大请求数量。对于电商平台而言，这意味着服务器可以接收并回应多少次来自用户的请求，比如页面加载、商品详情查看等操作。较高的QPS意味着更好的响应速度和服务质量[^3]。 ```python def calculate_qps(total_requests, time_interval_seconds): """ Calculate queries per second. :param total_requests: Total number of requests made during the interval :param time_interval_seconds: Duration over which these requests were spread out in seconds :return: Queries per second value as a float """ qps = total_requests / time_interval_seconds return qps ``` #### TPS (Transactions Per Second) TPS是指每一秒完成的事物数量，它代表了数据库或应用程序执行完整业务流程的能力，如提交订单、确认付款等复杂动作。在一个典型的电商业务里，一次完整的购物流程可能涉及多个步骤，这些都属于单个交易的一部分。需要注意的是，在很多情况下，一个事务会涉及到多次查询请求，所以一般会有`QPS ≥ TPS`的情况存在[^2]。 ```python def calculate_tps(transactions_completed, time_interval_seconds): """ Calculate transactions per second. :param transactions_completed: Number of completed transactions within given period :param time_interval_seconds: Time duration measured in seconds for those transactions to complete :return: Transactions per second rate as floating point number """ tps = transactions_completed / time_interval_seconds return tps ``` #### RT (Response Time) RT指的是从发出请求到接收到回复之间的时间差，也就是常说的延迟时间。较低的RT能提供更流畅的操作体验给顾客，减少等待时间带来的不便感。特别是在高流量时段保持稳定的低RT非常重要，因为过长的响应时间可能导致客户流失至其他平台[^1]。 ```python import time def measure_response_time(): start_time = time.time() # Simulate an API call or database query here... end_time = time.time() rt = end_time - start_time return rt ```