RabbitMQ示例代码（一）

最新推荐文章于 2025-04-16 15:25:53 发布

geekooler

最新推荐文章于 2025-04-16 15:25:53 发布

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本文介绍RabbitMQ的基本消息发送和接收机制，包括如何使用默认交换机发送消息到指定队列，以及如何通过拉模式和推模式消费队列中的消息。提供了详细的Java代码示例，帮助读者理解RabbitMQ的简单模型。

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1.基本队列消息发送和接收

简单模型，使用默认exchange，发送到指定queue，一对一发送接收。
发送方-->(默认Exchange)-->Queue-->接收方

（1）发送指定队列消息
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;

public class SendDemo {
private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "hello";

    public static void main(String[] argv) {
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("localhost");
        Connection connection = null;
        try {
            connection = factory.newConnection();
            Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
            // 定义非持久queue
            channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
            String message = "Hello World!";
            // 发送消息到默认exchange，指定queue
            channel.basicPublish("", QUEUE_NAME, null, message.getBytes("UTF-8"));
            System.out.println(" [x] Sent '" + message + "'");
            channel.close();
            connection.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (TimeoutException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

（2）通过拉模式消费消息（不推荐）
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import com.rabbitmq.client.GetResponse;

/**
* 通过拉模式消费消息（不推荐）
*
* @date 2019年3月8日下午3:31:14
*/
public class RecvPull {
private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "hello";

    public static void main(String[] argv) {
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("localhost");
        Connection connection = null;
        try {
            connection = factory.newConnection();
            Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
            // 定义非持久queue
            channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
            System.out.println(" [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C");
            // 开始消费指定queue的消息
            while (true) {
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(3000);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                GetResponse response = channel.basicGet(QUEUE_NAME, true);
                if (response == null) {
                    continue;
                }
                String responseStr = new String(response.getBody());
                System.out.println("responseStr: " + responseStr);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (TimeoutException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

（3）通过推模式消费消息（推荐）
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Consumer;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DefaultConsumer;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Envelope;

/**
* 通过推模式消费消息（推荐）
*
* @date 2019年3月8日下午3:31:56
*/
public class RecvPush {
private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "hello";

    public static void main(String[] argv) {
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("localhost");
        Connection connection = null;
        try {
            connection = factory.newConnection();
            Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
            // 定义非持久queue
            channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
            System.out.println(" [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C");
            // 定义监听消费者
            Consumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
                @Override
                public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties,
                        byte[] body) throws IOException {
                    String message = new String(body, "UTF-8");
                    System.out.println(" [x] Received '" + message + "'");
                }
            };
            // 开始消费指定queue的消息
            channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, consumer);

        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (TimeoutException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}