6.1、相对定位
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<!--
相对定位:
相对于自己原来的位置进行偏移
-->
<style>
body{
padding: 20px;
}
div{
margin: 10px;
padding: 15px;
font-size: 12px;
line-height: 25px;
}
#father{
border: 1px #666 solid;
}
#first{
background-color: #ab480e;
border: 1px #12aa17 dashed;
position: relative; /*相对定位,上下左右*/
top: -20px;
left: 20px;
}
#second{
background-color: #12aa17;
border: 1px #aa0012 dashed;
}
#third{
background-color: #27a3ab;
border: 1px #0048aa dashed;
position: relative; /*相对定位,上下左右*/
bottom: -10px;
right: 20px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="father">
<div id="first">第一个盒子</div>
<div id="second">第二个盒子</div>
<div id="third">第三个盒子</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
相对定位:position: relative;
相对于原来的位置,进行指定的便宜,相对定位的话,它仍然在标准文档流中,原来的位置会被保留
top:上
left: 左
bottom:下
right:右
练习
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<style>
#father{
width: 300px;
height: 300px;
border: 1px solid red;
padding: 3px;
}
a{
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
text-decoration: none;
background-color: #ffa1f2;
line-height: 100px;
text-align: center;
color: white;
display: block;
}
a:hover{
background: #47a4ff;
}
.a2,.a4{
position: relative;
left: 200px;
top:-100px
}
.a5{
position: relative;
left: 100px;
top: -300px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="father">
<a href="#" class="a1">链接1</a>
<a href="#" class="a2">链接2</a>
<a href="#" class="a3">链接3</a>
<a href="#" class="a4">链接4</a>
<a href="#" class="a5">链接5</a>
</div>
</body>
</html>
6.2、绝对定位
定于:基于xxx定位,上下左右~
- 没有父元素定位的前提下,相对于浏览器定位
- 假设父级元素存在定位,我们通常会相对父级元素进行便宜
- 在父级元素范围内移动
绝对定位:position: absolute;
相对于父级或浏览器的位置,进行指定的便宜,绝对定位的话,它不在标准文档流中,原来的位置不会被保留
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<style>
div{
margin: 10px;
padding: 15px;
font-size: 12px;
line-height: 25px;
}
#father{
border: 1px #666 solid;
position: relative;
}
#first{
background-color: #ab480e;
border: 1px #12aa17 dashed;
}
#second{
background-color: #12aa17;
border: 1px #aa0012 dashed;
position: absolute;
right: 30px;
top: -10px;
}
#third{
background-color: #27a3ab;
border: 1px #0048aa dashed;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="father">
<div id="first">第一个盒子</div>
<div id="second">第二个盒子</div>
<div id="third">第三个盒子</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
6.3、固定定位 fixed
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<style>
body{
height: 2000px;
}
div:nth-of-type(1){ /*绝对定位:相对于浏览器*/
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background-color: red;
position: absolute;
right: 0;
bootom:0;
}
div:nth-of-type(2){ /*fixed 固定定位*/
width: 50px;
height: 50px;
background-color: yellow;
position: fixed;
right: 0;
bootom:0;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>div1</div>
<div>div2</div>
</body>
</html>
6.4、z-index
图层~
z-index: 默认是0,最高无线~999
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/style.css">
</head>
<body>
<div id="content">
<ul>
<li><img src="images/1.jpg"></li>
<li class="tipText">好好学习</li>
<li class="tipBg"></li>
<li>时间:2020</li>
<li>地点:月球一号基地</li>
</ul>
</div>
</body>
</html>
#content{
width: 250px;
margin: 0px;
padding: 0px;
overflow: hidden;
font-size: 12px;
line-height: 25px;
border: 1px solid #000;
}
ul,li{
margin: 0px;
padding: 0px;
list-style: none;
}
#content ul{
position: relative;
}
.tipText,.tipBg{
position: absolute;
width: 250px;
height: 25px;
top: 124PX;
}
.tipText{
color: white;
z-index: 999;
}
.tipBg{
background-color: black;
opacity: 0.1; /*背景透明度*/
}
背景透明度:
opacity: 0.1; /*背景透明度 0~1*/