grafana+prometheus+black_box 实现端口检测

最新推荐文章于 2025-03-18 09:00:00 发布

codeLife1993

最新推荐文章于 2025-03-18 09:00:00 发布

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本文档详细介绍了如何配置和使用Prometheus的blackbox_exporter进行网络监控，包括主机存活、端口状态和网站状态的检查。接着，展示了如何在Prometheus中设置配置并验证，以及启用配置自动刷新。最后，提到了如何在Grafana中安装饼图插件和导入blackbox_exporter模板，以可视化监控结果。

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0.blackbox_exporte安装

下载地址

验证安装

进入目录执行 ./blackbox_exporter --version

配置自启动脚本

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/blackbox_exporter.service

[Unit]
Description=blackbox_exporter
After=network.target

[Service]
User=root
Type=simple
ExecStart=/mnt/data/ELK/black-box/blackbox_exporter/blackbox_exporter  --config.file=/mnt/data/ELK/black-box/blackbox_exporter/blackbox.yml
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

启动black_box

systemctl enable blackbox_exporter.service
systemctl start blackbox_exporter.service
systemctl status blackbox_exporter.service

1.prometheus配置

vim /usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml

1.1 主机存活状态

- job_name: 'node_status'
    metrics_path: /probe
    params:
      module: [icmp]
    static_configs:
      - targets: ['192.168.13.42','192.168.13.28']
        labels:
          instance: 'node_status'
          group: 'node'
    relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__address__]
        target_label: __param_target
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: '$1'

1.2 监控主机端口存活状态

- job_name: 'port_status'
    metrics_path: /probe
    params:
      module: [tcp_connect]
    static_configs:
      - targets: ['192.168.13.29:8844','192.168.13.32:8330']
        labels:
          instance: 'port_status'
          group: 'tcp'
    relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__address__]
        target_label: __param_target
        #      - source_labels: [__param_target]
        #        target_label: instance
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: '$1'

1.3 监控网站状态

 - job_name: web_status
    metrics_path: /probe
    params:
      module: [http_2xx]
    static_configs:
      - targets: ['https://www.baidu.com']
        labels:
          instance: web_status
          group: web
    relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__address__]
        target_label: __param_target
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: 127.0.0.1:9115

1.4 检查配置文件

#进入安装目录
./promtool check config prometheus.yml

#检查通过没有报错 可以刷新配置
curl -X POST http://127.0.0.1:9090/-/reload

#刷新配置的前提是 启动时 指定参数 --web.enable-lifecycle 配置告警需指定路径  --config.file=
nohup /mnt/data/ELK/prometheus/prometheus --web.enable-lifecycle --config.file=/mnt/data/ELK/prometheus/prometheus.yml >/dev/null 2>&1 &

#或使用systemctl

1.5 完整配置示例

global:
  scrape_interval: 15s
  evaluation_interval: 15s
  external_labels:
    monitor: 'codelab-monitor'

scrape_configs:
  #监控主机
  - job_name: 'node_status'
    metrics_path: /probe
    params:
      module: [ icmp ]
    static_configs:
      - labels:
          group: 'node'
          instance: 'node_status'
        targets:
          - "192.168.13.42"
          - "192.168.13.28"
    relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [ __address__ ]
        target_label: __param_target
      - source_labels: [ __param_target ]
        target_label: instance
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: localhost:9115
  #监控端口 tcp
  - job_name: 'port_status'
    metrics_path: /probe
    params:
      module: [ tcp_connect ]
    static_configs:
      - labels:
          group: 'tcp'
          instance: 'gateway'
        targets:
          - "192.168.13.29:8844"
      - labels:
          group: 'tcp'
          instance: 'home-service'
        targets:
          - "192.168.13.32:8330"
      relabel_configs:
        - source_labels: [ __address__ ]
          target_label: __param_target
        - target_label: __address__
          replacement: localhost:9115
  #监控网站
  - job_name: 'web_status'
    metrics_path: /probe
    params:
      module: [ http_2xx ]
    static_configs:
      - labels:
          group: 'web'
          instance: 'web_status'
        targets:
          - "https://www.baidu.com"
    relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [ __address__ ]
        target_label: __param_target
      - source_labels: [ __param_target ]
        target_label: instance
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: localhost:9115
#配置告警
rule_files:
  - "/mnt/data/ELK/prometheus/my_rule.yml"

1.6 告警规则配置

groups:
- name: blackbox_network_stats
  rules:
  - alert: 'url服务探测失败'
    expr: probe_success == 0
    for: 60s
    labels:
      severity: high
      alertinfo: push_blackbox_alert
    annotations:
      summary: "{{ $labels.instance }}探测失败"
      description: "url探测失败，请检查业务是否正常!!!"