Spring 学习小记（十六）

1. 对数据验证的了解
2. Spring自带验证框架学习
3. JSR 303验证学习

 

三、JSR 303验证

JSR 303验证，有两个实现：Hibernate Validator；Apache BVal

Hibernate Validator它使用了Hibernate进行数据验证

JSR 303验证不需要编写验证器，但是需要利用它的标注类型在领域模型的属性上嵌入约束。

标注类型说明

标注组	标注	说明
空校验	@Null	验证对像是否为null
	@NotNull	验证对象是否不为null,无法校验长度为0的字符串
	@NotBlank	验证约束字符串是否为null及被trim后的长度是否大于0，只针对字符串并且会去掉前后的空格
boolean校验	@AssertTrue	验证boolean属性是否为true
	@AssertFalse	验证boolean属性是否为false
长度校验	@Size(min=,max=)	验证对象（Array,Collection,Map,String）长度是否在给定范围内
	@Length(min=,max=)	验证字符串的长度是否在给定的范围内
日期校验	@Past	验证Date和Calendar对象是否在当前时间之前
	@Future	验证Date和Calendar对象是否在当前时间之后
	@Pattern	验证String对象是否符合正则表达式的规则
数值校验	@Min	验证Number和String对象是否大于指定的值
	@Max	验证Number和String对象是否小于指定的值
	@DecimalMax	被标注的值必须不大于约束指定的最大值
	@DecimalMin	被标注的值必须不小于约束中指定的最小值
	@Digits	验证Number和String的构成是否合法
	@Digits(interger=,fraction=)	验证字符串是否符合指定格式的数字，Interger表示整理数精度，fraction表示小数的精度
	@Range(min=,max=)	检查数字是否介于min和max之间
	@Valid	对关联对象进行校验，如果关联对象是个集合或数组，那么对其中元素进行校验，如果是一个map，则对其中的值部值部分进行校验
	@CreditCardNumber	信用卡验证
	@Email	验证是否为邮箱地址，如果为null则不进行验证（验证通过）

1.新增一个maven的war工程

2.在pom.xml中新增如下依赖

< dependencies >

       <!-- context -->

       < dependency >

             < groupId >org.springframework </ groupId >

             < artifactId >spring-context </ artifactId >

             < version >5.0.2.RELEASE </ version >

       </ dependency >

    <!-- Spring MVC -->

    < dependency >

       < groupId >org.springframework </ groupId >

       < artifactId >spring- webmvc </ artifactId >

       < version >5.0.2.RELEASE </ version >

    </ dependency >

   

    <!-- Spring web -->

    < dependency >

       < groupId >org.springframework </ groupId >

       < artifactId >spring-web </ artifactId >

       < version >5.0.2.RELEASE </ version >

       </ dependency >

   

    <!-- commons-logging -->

    < dependency >

       < groupId >commons-logging </ groupId >

       < artifactId >commons-logging </ artifactId >

       < version >1.2 </ version >

    </ dependency >

   

    <!-- spring- aop -->

    < dependency >

       < groupId >org.springframework </ groupId >

       < artifactId >spring- aop </ artifactId >

       < version >5.0.2.RELEASE </ version >

    </ dependency >

   

    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/jstl -->

       < dependency >

       < groupId >javax.servlet </ groupId >

       < artifactId > jstl </ artifactId >

       < version >1.2 </ version >

       </ dependency >

      

       <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.hibernate.validator/hibernate-validator -->

       < dependency >

          < groupId >org.hibernate.validator </ groupId >

          < artifactId > hibernate- validator </ artifactId >

          < version >6.1.5.Final </ version >

       </ dependency >

      

  </ dependencies >

3.新增一个领域模型的实体对象com.xiaoxie.pojo.Goods

package com.xiaoxie.pojo;

import java.util.Date;

import javax.validation.constraints.DecimalMin;

import javax.validation.constraints.NotBlank;

import javax.validation.constraints.Past;

import org.springframework.format.annotation.DateTimeFormat;

//领域对象：实体

public class Goods {

       @NotBlank(message= "{goods.gcode.required}")

       private String gcode;    //商品编码

       @NotBlank(message= "{goods.gname.required}")

       private String gname;    //商品名称

       @DecimalMin(value= "0.0",message= "{gprice.invalid}")

       private double gprice;   //商品售卖价格

       @DateTimeFormat(pattern= "yyyy-MM-dd")

       @Past(message= "{gdate.invalid}")

       private Date gdate;

       public String getGcode() {

             return gcode;

      }

       public void setGcode(String gcode) {

             this. gcode = gcode;

      }

       public String getGname() {

             return gname;

      }

       public void setGname(String gname) {

             this. gname = gname;

      }

       public double getGprice() {

             return gprice;

      }

       public void setGprice( double gprice) {

             this. gprice = gprice;

      }

       public Date getGdate() {

             return gdate;

      }

       public void setGdate(Date gdate) {

             this. gdate = gdate;

      }

}

注意：在这个实体对象中使用标注的方式指定了校验的方式

4.新增一个service的接口及实现类

GoodsService接口：

package com.xiaoxie.service;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import com.xiaoxie.pojo.Goods;

public interface GoodsService {

       boolean save(Goods g);

      ArrayList<Goods> getGoods();

}

GoodsServiceImpl实现类：

package com.xiaoxie.service.impl;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import com.xiaoxie.pojo.Goods;

import com.xiaoxie.service.GoodsService;

@Service

public class GoodsServiceImpl implements GoodsService {

       //这里使用一个静态集合变量模拟数据库

       private static ArrayList<Goods> goods = new ArrayList<>();

       @Override

       public boolean save(Goods g) {

             goods.add( g);      //向集合中添加商品

             return true;

      }

       @Override

       public ArrayList<Goods> getGoods() {

             return goods;      //返回集合

      }

}

5.新增controller的实现类：con.xiaoxie.controller.GoodsController

package com.xiaoxie.controller;

import javax.validation.Valid;

import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;

import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import org.springframework.ui.Model;

import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult;

import org.springframework.validation.annotation.Validated;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import com.xiaoxie.pojo.Goods;

import com.xiaoxie.service.GoodsService;

@Controller

@RequestMapping( "/goods")

public class GoodsController {

       //logger

       private static final Log logger = LogFactory. getLog(GoodsController. class);

       @Autowired

       private GoodsService goodsService;

      

       @RequestMapping( "/input")

       public String input(Model model) {

             model.addAttribute( "goods", new Goods());

             return "addGoods";

      }

      

       @RequestMapping( "/save")

       public String save( @ Validated @ModelAttribute Goods goods,BindingResult result,Model model) {

             if( result.hasErrors()) {

                   return "addGoods";

            }

             goodsService.save( goods);

             logger.info( "商品添加成功！");

             model.addAttribute( "goodsList", goodsService.getGoods());

             return "goodsList";

      }

}

注意：这里使用了@Validated注解而不是像Spring自带的验证框架一样新增验证的实现类，引入实现类后做验证

6.新增消息配置文件messages.properties(在classpath下[src/main/resources])

goods.gcode.required= 请输入商品编码

goods.gname.required= 请输入商品名称

gprice.invalid= 商品售卖价格不允许小于0

gdate.invalid= 商品生产日期不可以为空且不可以在系统日期之后

7.配置Spring的配置文件:springmvc.xml(在classpath下[src/main/resources])

<? xml version= "1.0" encoding= "UTF-8" ?>

< beans xmlns= "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

       xmlns:xsi= "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

       xmlns:context= "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

       xmlns:mvc= "http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"

       xsi:schemaLocation= "http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.3.xsd

            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd

            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd" >

       <!-- 自动扫描包 -->

       < context:component-scan base-package= "com.xiaoxie.controller" />

       < context:component-scan base-package= "com.xiaoxie.service" />

      

       <!-- 配置消息属性文件 -->

      

       < bean class= "org.springframework.context.support.ResourceBundleMessageSource" id= "messageSource" >

             <!-- 资源文件 -->

             < property name= " basenames" value= "messages" />

             <!-- 资源文件的编码格式 -->

             < property name= " defaultEncoding" value= "utf-8" />

             <!-- 资源文件缓存时间：秒 -->

             < property name= " cacheSeconds" value= "120" />

       </ bean >

      

       <!-- 注册校验器 -->

       < bean class= "org.springframework.validation.beanvalidation.LocalValidatorFactoryBean" id= "validator" >

             <!-- Hibernate - validator -->

             < property name= " providerClass" value= "org.hibernate.validator.HibernateValidator" />

             <!-- 指定校验使用的资源文件 -->

             < property name= " validationMessageSource" ref= "messageSource" />

       </ bean >

      

       <!-- 开启spring的 Validator 功能 -->

       < mvc:annotation-driven conversion-service= "conversionService" validator= "validator" />

       <!-- 注册格式化转换器 -->

       < bean class= "org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionServiceFactoryBean" id= "conversionService" />

      

       <!-- 配置视图解析器 -->

       < bean class= "org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id= "internalResourceViewResolver" >

             <!-- 前缀 -->

             < property name= " prefix" value= "/WEB-INF/jsp/" />

             <!-- 后缀 -->

             < property name= " suffix" value= ".jsp" />

       </ bean >

</ beans >

注意：在配置messageSource时使用的类是： org.springframework.context.support.ResourceBundleMessageSource

8.配置web.xml(主要是配置核心的前端控制器：SpringDspatcherServlet)

<? xml version= "1.0" encoding= "UTF-8" ?>

< web-app xmlns:xsi= "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns= "http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation= "http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id= "WebApp_ID" version= "2.5" >

<!-- 前端核心 servlet 的配置（DispatcherServlet） -->

       < servlet >

             < servlet-name >springDispatcherServlet </ servlet-name >

             < servlet-class >org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet </ servlet-class >

             < init-param >

                   < param-name >contextConfigLocation </ param-name >

                   < param-value >classpath:springmvc.xml </ param-value >

             </ init-param >

             < load-on-startup >1 </ load-on-startup >

       </ servlet >

       <!-- Map all requests to the DispatcherServlet for handling -->

       < servlet-mapping >

             < servlet-name >springDispatcherServlet </ servlet-name >

             < url-pattern >/ </ url-pattern >

       </ servlet-mapping >

      

       <!-- 配置解决 psot 请求中文乱码问题 -->

       < filter >

             < filter-name >CharacterEncodingFilter </ filter-name >

             < filter-class >org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter </ filter-class >

             < init-param >

                   < param-name >encoding </ param-name >

                   < param-value > utf-8 </ param-value >

             </ init-param >

             < init-param >

                   < param-name >forceEncoding </ param-name >

                   < param-value >true </ param-value >

             </ init-param >

       </ filter >

       < filter-mapping >

             < filter-name >CharacterEncodingFilter </ filter-name >

             < url-pattern >/* </ url-pattern >

       </ filter-mapping >

</ web-app >

9.新增jsp文件：addGoods.jsp、goodsList.jsp

addGoods.jsp:

<%@ page language= "java" contentType= "text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding= "UTF-8" %>

<%@ taglib prefix= "form" uri= "http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" %>

<! DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd" >

< html >

< head >

< meta http-equiv= "Content-Type" content= "text/html; charset=UTF-8" >

< title >添加商品 </ title >

</ head >

< body >

       < form:form modelAttribute= "goods" action= "${pageContext.request.contextPath } /goods/save" method= "post" >

             < fieldset >

                   < legend >添加商品 </ legend >

                   < p >

                         < label >商品编码： </ label >

                         < form:input path= "gcode" />

                   </ p >

                   < p >

                         < label >商品名称： </ label >

                         < form:input path= "gname" />

                   </ p >

                   < p >

                         < label >商品售价： </ label >

                         < form:input path= "gprice" />

                   </ p >

                   < p >

                         < label >生产日期： </ label >

                         < form:input path= "gdate" />( yyyy-MM- dd)

                   </ p >

                   < p id= "btn" >

                         < input id= "reset" type= "reset" >

                         < input id= "submit" type= "submit" value= "添加" >

                   </ p >

                   <!-- 验证错误信息 -->

                   < form:errors path= "*" />

             </ fieldset >

       </ form:form >

</ body >

</ html >

 

goodsList.jsp:

<%@ page language= "java" contentType= "text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding= "UTF-8" %>

<%@ taglib prefix= "c" uri= "http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>

<%@ taglib uri= "http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt" prefix= "fmt" %>

<! DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd" >

< html >

< head >

< meta http-equiv= "Content-Type" content= "text/html; charset=UTF-8" >

< title >商品列表 </ title >

</ head >

< body >

       < table border= "1" cellspacing= "0" >

             < tr >

                   < td >商品编码 </ td >

                   < td >商品名称 </ td >

                   < td >商吕价格 </ td >

                   < td >生产日期 </ td >

             </ tr >

             < c:forEach items= "${goodsList } " var= "goods" >

                   < tr >

                         < td >${goods.gcode } </ td >

                         < td >${goods.gname } </ td >

                         < td >${goods.gprice } </ td >

                         <!-- 对日期进行格式化展示 -->

                         < td >< fmt:formatDate value= "${goods.gdate } " pattern= "yyyy-MM-dd" /></ td >

                   </ tr >

             </ c:forEach >

       </ table >

</ body >

</ html >

运行工程在“添加”时会对提交的数据做相应的校验，当校验不通过时会在转发到addGoods.jsp页面并且会根据消息配置的信息展示出错误的信息