Unity3D多场景管理框架设计

Thomas_YXQ

于 2025-05-29 14:55:03 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Thomas_YXQ/article/details/148310483

版权

前言

我将设计一个Unity3D游戏客户端框架的多场景管理系统，包含场景加载、进度显示和过渡动画等功能。

设计思路

场景管理核心：单例管理器处理场景加载/卸载
加载界面：显示进度条、提示信息和加载动画
场景切换过渡：平滑的淡入淡出效果
多场景支持：支持叠加加载和单独加载
错误处理：场景加载失败提示

对惹，这里有一个游戏开发交流小组，希望大家可以点击进来一起交流一下开发经验呀！

完整实现代码

using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.SceneManagement;
using UnityEngine.UI;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class SceneTransitionManager : MonoBehaviour
{
    public static SceneTransitionManager Instance { get; private set; }

    [Header("UI References")]
    public CanvasGroup loadingScreen;
    public Slider progressBar;
    public Text progressText;
    public Text tipText;
    public Image loadingIcon;

    [Header("Settings")]
    public float fadeDuration = 0.5f;
    public float minLoadTime = 1.5f;
    public List<string> loadingTips = new List<string>
    {
        "小提示：探索场景可以找到隐藏道具",
        "小提示：按ESC键可以打开设置菜单",
        "小提示：完成每日任务可获得额外奖励"
    };

    private AsyncOperation currentAsyncOperation;
    private bool isLoading;

    private void Awake()
    {
        if (Instance == null)
        {
            Instance = this;
            DontDestroyOnLoad(gameObject);
        }
        else
        {
            Destroy(gameObject);
        }
    }

    // 加载单个场景（替换当前场景）
    public void LoadScene(string sceneName)
    {
        if (isLoading) return;
        StartCoroutine(LoadSceneCoroutine(sceneName, LoadSceneMode.Single));
    }

    // 叠加加载场景（不卸载当前场景）
    public void LoadSceneAdditive(string sceneName)
    {
        if (isLoading) return;
        StartCoroutine(LoadSceneCoroutine(sceneName, LoadSceneMode.Additive));
    }

    // 卸载指定场景
    public void UnloadScene(string sceneName)
    {
        StartCoroutine(UnloadSceneCoroutine(sceneName));
    }

    private IEnumerator LoadSceneCoroutine(string sceneName, LoadSceneMode mode)
    {
        isLoading = true;
        
        // 显示随机提示
        tipText.text = loadingTips[Random.Range(0, loadingTips.Count)];
        
        // 淡入加载界面
        yield return StartCoroutine(FadeLoadingScreen(0, 1, fadeDuration));
        
        float timer = 0f;
        progressBar.value = 0;
        progressText.text = "0%";
        
        // 开始异步加载场景
        currentAsyncOperation = SceneManager.LoadSceneAsync(sceneName, mode);
        currentAsyncOperation.allowSceneActivation = false;
        
        // 旋转加载图标
        StartCoroutine(RotateLoadingIcon());
        
        while (!currentAsyncOperation.isDone)
        {
            timer += Time.deltaTime;
            
            // 计算加载进度（0-0.9）
            float loadProgress = Mathf.Clamp01(currentAsyncOperation.progress / 0.9f);
            float percent = Mathf.Clamp01((timer / minLoadTime) * loadProgress);
            
            progressBar.value = percent;
            progressText.text = Mathf.Round(percent * 100) + "%";
            
            // 加载完成但等待最小加载时间
            if (currentAsyncOperation.progress >= 0.9f && timer >= minLoadTime)
            {
                progressBar.value = 1;
                progressText.text = "100%";
                currentAsyncOperation.allowSceneActivation = true;
            }
            
            yield return null;
        }
        
        // 淡出加载界面
        yield return StartCoroutine(FadeLoadingScreen(1, 0, fadeDuration));
        
        isLoading = false;
    }

    private IEnumerator UnloadSceneCoroutine(string sceneName)
    {
        AsyncOperation unloadOperation = SceneManager.UnloadSceneAsync(sceneName);
        while (!unloadOperation.isDone)
        {
            yield return null;
        }
    }

    private IEnumerator FadeLoadingScreen(float startAlpha, float endAlpha, float duration)
    {
        float time = 0;
        loadingScreen.blocksRaycasts = true;
        loadingScreen.interactable = true;
        
        while (time < duration)
        {
            loadingScreen.alpha = Mathf.Lerp(startAlpha, endAlpha, time / duration);
            time += Time.deltaTime;
            yield return null;
        }
        
        loadingScreen.alpha = endAlpha;
        
        if (endAlpha == 0)
        {
            loadingScreen.blocksRaycasts = false;
            loadingScreen.interactable = false;
        }
    }

    private IEnumerator RotateLoadingIcon()
    {
        while (isLoading)
        {
            loadingIcon.transform.Rotate(0, 0, -180 * Time.deltaTime);
            yield return null;
        }
    }
}