Android蓝牙扫描周围设备和连接

最新推荐文章于 2025-04-05 23:35:25 发布

CrackgmKey

最新推荐文章于 2025-04-05 23:35:25 发布

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分类专栏： Anndroid学习笔记文章标签：蓝牙扫描蓝牙 BLE

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/CrackgmKey/article/details/78909346

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最近在做蓝牙扫描功能，了解了蓝牙的一部分知识,虽然不够深入,但是感觉良好，没做的时候感觉非常难:

但是做完了以后感觉其他并不难希望看到此篇文章的你---加油

需要时这样：开启扫描蓝牙周围设备，拿到MAC地址已经广播包数据，下面我们来写一下代码

先来看一下效果

大概流程如下

1.添加权限
2.判断设备是否支持BLE4.0
3.判断蓝牙是否开启，如果未开启，则静默开启窗口
4.开启后，开始进行蓝牙扫描
5.通过BluetoothAdapter.LeScanCallback获取扫描结果

如果这些代码都写在V层那就有些过于臃肿了，所以我们来写一个工具类

建立BlueUtils.java

public class BlueUtils {
    //蓝牙适配器
    private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter;
    //搜索状态的标示
    private boolean mScanning = true;
    //蓝牙适配器List
    private List<BluetoothDevice> mBlueList;
    //上下文
    private Context context;
    //单例模式
    private static BlueUtils blueUtils;
    //蓝牙的回调地址
    private BluetoothAdapter.LeScanCallback mLesanCall;
    //扫描执行回调
    private BlueUddtils.Callback callback;
}

先把变量都写好下面咱们开始写方法

先写一个单例模式

//单例模式
public static BlueUtils getBlueUtils(){
    if(blueUtils == null){
        blueUtils = new BlueUtils();
    }
    return blueUtils;
}

然后getInitialization方法中初始化一些蓝牙的相关类

/***
 * 初始化蓝牙的一些信息
 */
public void getInitialization(Context context){
    this.context = context;
    //初始化蓝牙适配器
    BluetoothManager bluetoothManager = (BluetoothManager) context.getSystemService(Context.BLUETOOTH_SERVICE);
    //初始化蓝牙
    mBluetoothAdapter = bluetoothManager.getAdapter();
    //初始化List
    mBlueList = new ArrayList<>();
    //实例化蓝牙回调
    mLesanCall = new BluetoothAdapter.LeScanCallback() {
        @Override
        public void onLeScan(BluetoothDevice bluetoothDevice, int i, byte[] bytes) {
            //返回三个对象 分类别是 蓝牙对象 蓝牙信号强度 以及蓝牙的广播包
            if(!mBlueList.contains(bluetoothDevice)){
                mBlueList.add(bluetoothDevice);
            }
        }
    };
}

接下来我们就要写开始扫描和关闭的方法了

/**
 * 开启蓝牙
 */
public void startBlue(){
    if(mScanning){
        mScanning = false;
        //开始扫描并设置回调
        mBluetoothAdapter.startLeScan(mLesanCall);
    }
}

/**
 * 停止蓝牙扫描
 */
public void stopBlue(){
    if(!mScanning){
        //结束蓝牙扫描
        mBluetoothAdapter.stopLeScan(mLesanCall);
    }
}

设置接口回调

/**
 * 接口回调
 */
public interface Callbacks{
    void CallbackList(List<BluetoothDevice> mBlueLis);
}

/**
 * 设置接口回调
 * @param callback 自身
 */
public void setCallback(Callbacks callback) {
    this.callback = callback;
}

大家需要注意的是，蓝牙扫描到设备就会回调onLeScan方法所以我们需要在此方法中把搜索到的蓝牙对象加入到List中，然后利用接口回调把数据送出去

//实例化蓝牙回调
mLesanCall = new BluetoothAdapter.LeScanCallback() {
    @Override
    public void onLeScan(BluetoothDevice bluetoothDevice, int i, byte[] bytes) {
        //返回三个对象 分类别是 蓝牙对象 蓝牙信号强度 以及蓝牙的广播包
        if(!mBlueList.contains(bluetoothDevice)){//重复的则不添加
            mBlueList.add(bluetoothDevice);
            //接口回调
            callback.CallbackList(mBlueList);
        }
    }
};

还有isSupportBlue方法是用来检测设备是否支持蓝牙的

/**
 * 判断是否支持蓝牙
 * @return
 */
public boolean isSupportBlue(){
    if (!context.getPackageManager().hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_BLUETOOTH_LE)) {
        return true;
    }else {
        return false;
    }
}

/**
 * 返回蓝牙对象
 * @return
 */
public BluetoothAdapter getmBluetoothAdapter() {
    return mBluetoothAdapter;
}

下面我们开始调用吧在调用之前，我们需要给程序加入蓝牙权限，(6.0以后需要动态申请)

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN"/>

先贴布局文件

main.xml

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:id="@+id/activity_main"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
>

    <LinearLayout
        android:orientation="horizontal"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content">

        <Button
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:id="@+id/scan"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="搜索" />

        <Button
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:id="@+id/end"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="关闭扫描" />

    </LinearLayout>

    <ListView
        android:id="@+id/result"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent">

    </ListView>
</LinearLayout>

大体布局如下

MainActivity.java

package com.example.myapplication;

import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.Toast;

import com.example.myapplication.adapter.BlueAdapter;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * Created by huitao on 2017/12/27.
 */

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {
    //搜索BUTTON
    private Button scan,end;
    //搜索结果List
    private ListView resultList;
    //蓝牙工具类
    private BlueUtils blueUtils;
    //蓝牙的Adapter
    private BlueAdapter blueAdapter;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        blueUtils = new BlueUtils();
        //初始化工具类
        blueUtils.getInitialization(this);
        //判断是否支持蓝牙
        if (!blueUtils.isSupportBlue()) {
            Toast.makeText(this, "设备支持蓝牙4.0", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            blueUtils.getmBluetoothAdapter().enable();
        }else {
            Toast.makeText(this, "设备不支持蓝牙4.0", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            //静默开启蓝牙
        }
        inint();
    }

    /**
     * 初始化数据
     */
    private void inint() {
        scan = findViewById(R.id.scan);
        end = findViewById(R.id.end);
        resultList = findViewById(R.id.result);
        scan.setOnClickListener(this);
        end.setOnClickListener(this);
        blueUtils.setCallback(new BlueUtils.Callbacks() {
            @Override
            public void CallbackList(List<BluetoothDevice> mBlueLis) {
                //我们在此处设置Adapter
               if(blueAdapter == null){
                   blueAdapter = new BlueAdapter(mBlueLis,MainActivity.this);
                   resultList.setAdapter(blueAdapter);
               }else {
                   blueAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
               }
            }
        });
    }


    @Override
    public void onClick(View view) {
        switch (view.getId()){
            case R.id.scan:
                blueUtils.startBlue();
                Toast.makeText(this, "开启成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                break;
            case R.id.end:
                blueUtils.stopBlue();
                Toast.makeText(this, "关闭成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                break;
        }
    }
}

BlueAdapter.java

package com.example.myapplication.adapter;

import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
import android.content.Context;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.TextView;
import com.example.myapplication.R;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 蓝牙填充
 * Created by huitao on 2017/12/27.
 */

public class BlueAdapter extends BaseAdapter{
    private List<BluetoothDevice> mBluelist;
    private LayoutInflater layoutInflater;
    public BlueAdapter(List<BluetoothDevice> list, Context context) {
        mBluelist = list;
        layoutInflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);//context :要使用当前的Adapter的界面对象 layoutInflater: 布局装载器对象
    }

    @Override
    public int getCount() {
        return mBluelist.size();
    }

    @Override
    public Object getItem(int i) {
        return mBluelist.get(i);
    }

    @Override
    public long getItemId(int i) {
        return i;
    }


    @SuppressLint("SetTextI18n")
    @Override
    public View getView(int i, View view, ViewGroup viewGroup) {
        ViewHolder viewHolder;
        if (view == null) {
            viewHolder = new ViewHolder();
            view = layoutInflater.inflate(R.layout.list_item,null);
            viewHolder.deviceName = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.device_name);
            viewHolder.deviceAddress = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.device_address);
            view.setTag(viewHolder);
        } else {
            viewHolder = (ViewHolder) view.getTag();
        }

        BluetoothDevice blueDevice = mBluelist.get(i);
        final String deviceName = blueDevice.getName();
        if (deviceName != null && deviceName.length() > 0) {
            viewHolder.deviceName.setText(blueDevice.getName());
        } else {
            viewHolder.deviceName.setText("未知设备");
        }
        viewHolder.deviceAddress.setText("MAC地址："+blueDevice.getAddress());
        return view;

    }
    class ViewHolder {

        TextView deviceName;
        TextView deviceAddress;
    }

}

adapter的布局

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content">
    <TextView android:id="@+id/device_name"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textSize="24dp"/>
    <TextView android:id="@+id/device_address"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textSize="12dp"/>
</LinearLayout>