Python Eggs

最新推荐文章于 2025-04-04 23:39:01 发布

CPP_CHEN

最新推荐文章于 2025-04-04 23:39:01 发布

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分类专栏： Python 文章标签： python basic templates networking library

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This is a summary of the content from network.

1) What is Python egg file ?
It’s simply a way of distributing Python packages, similar to RPM or Java jar package.

2) Where do I find the Python eggs ?
You can find Python eggs on quite a few places on the web, e.g. at a package author’s website. The biggest repository of eggs is the Cheeseshop (or PyPI) though), an index for Python packages.

3) How do I install the egg files ?
In order to be able to install eggs you simply need to install easy_install which is easily done by downloading ez_install.py (you candownload it here).
Once you have done this you can simply install an egg by calling:easy_install somepackage.egg
You can also give a URL to an egg and useeasy_install http://somehost.somedomain.com/somepackage.egg
Note: If an egg is not found at that location or in the directory you give, easy_install will automatically query the Cheeseshop for the egg location.

4) How to create our own Python eggs ?

Install setuptools (Ubuntu/Debian)
sudo apt-get install python-setuptools
There are two manual ways to install it
- $ wget http://peak.telecommunity.com/dist/ez_setup.py
  $ sudo python ez_setup.py
  Update setuptools:
  $ sudo python ez_setup.py -U setuptools
- $ wget http://pypi.python.org/packages/2.6/s/setuptools/setuptools-0.6c11-py2.6.egg
  $ sudo sh setuptools-0.6c11-py2.6.egg

Create egg files (example)

The following is the directory structure
```
README
eventlet
examples
setup.py
```

The setup.py now looks like as the following. From the setup.py, we can see we define some meta information for the eventlet package

#!/usr/bin/env python
from distutils.core import setup
setup(
    name='eventlet',
    version='0.1',
    description='Coroutine-based networking library',
    author='Linden Lab',
    author_email='sldev@lists.secondlife.com',
    url='http://wiki.secondlife.com/wiki/Eventlet',
    packages=['eventlet'])

Now so far it’s great but we might miss some features of eggs here, namely the ability to package it as one file, to register it with the cheeseshop and to define dependencies. So to add this we have to do just a few changes to setup.py. (So we added those classifiers to put it into the right categories on Cheeseshop and most importantly we added the requirement “greenlet”. If you then install the egg setuptools will automatically install greenlet as well.)

#!/usr/bin/env python
from distutils.core import setup
setup(
    name='eventlet',
    version='0.1',
    description='Coroutine-based networking library',
    author='Linden Lab',
    author_email='sldev@lists.secondlife.com',
    url='http://wiki.secondlife.com/wiki/Eventlet',
    packages=['eventlet'],
    long_description="""\
      eventlet is a coroutines-based network library for python ...
      """,
    classifiers=[
          "License :: OSI Approved :: GNU General Public License (GPL)",
          "Programming Language :: Python",
          "Development Status :: 4 - Beta",
          "Intended Audience :: Developers",
          "Topic :: Internet",
      ],
    keywords='networking eventlet nonblocking internet',
    license='GPL',
    install_requires=[
        'setuptools',
        'greenlet',
      ],
    )

Create an egg by calling the following command. (This will create an egg distribution file which you can find indist/eventlet-0.1-py2.4.egg (if you used Python 2.4)
python setup.py bdist_egg
You can check the contents by calling unzip -t eventlet-0.1-py2.4.egg and as you can see it’s basically the contents of the eventlet directory plus an EGG_INFO directory with metadata. Also included are the .pyc files as it’s a binary distribution.

5) The other way to create egg file by using paster (Python Paste)
What we are interested in is especially paste.script which is some sort of template based automation system.

Install PasteScript
easy_install -U PasteScript

Now that PasteScript is installed you can list the available templates:

  $ paster create --list-templates
  Available templates:
  archetype:          A Plone project that uses Archetypes
  basic_namespace:    A project with a namespace package
  basic_package:      A basic setuptools-enabled package
  basic_zope:         A Zope project
  nested_namespace:   A project with two nested namespaces.
  paste_deploy:       A web application deployed through paste.deploy
  plone:              A Plone project
  plone2.5_buildout:  A buildout for Plone 2.5 projects
  plone2.5_theme:     A Theme for Plone 2.5
  plone2_theme:       A Theme Product for Plone 2.1 & Plone 2.5
  plone3_buildout:    A buildout for Plone 3 projects
  plone3_portlet:     A Plone 3 portlet
  plone3_theme:       A Theme for Plone 3.0
  plone_app:          A Plone App project
  plone_hosting:      Plone hosting: buildout with ZEO and any Plone version
  tgbase:             tg base template
  tgbig:              For more complex projects
  tgwidget:           TurboGears widget projects
  turbogears:         web framework

(I have Turbogears installed as well which is why here are more templates listed than you have)

The interesting ones for Python are basic_package and basic_namespace. We will usebasic_package for now as it creates a package ready for egg distribution.
paster create -t basic_package
and it will ask us a lot of questions, basically all the metadata we have to put into the setup.py file. After it’s finished you should have a new directory with a basic egg supporting structure.

6) How to uninstall the egg file ?

Enter the directory where the egg file installed

$ cd /usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages
$ cat easy-install.pth | grep eventlet
./eventlet-0.1.0-py2.6.egg
$ ls -F|grep eventlet
eventlet-0.1.0-py2.6.egg/